Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum

The function of Feng Shui’s five elements in encouraging urban public space for social interaction. Case study: Al-Arabi and Al-Washash neighborhoods in the Al-Mansour district, Baghdad

Aisha Abdulqader — 2025-12-30

Motives: This study examines the integration of Feng Shui principles into urban public spaces to enhance social interaction, livability, and environmental harmony. The case study focuses on the Al-Arabi and Al-Washash neighbourhoods in Baghdad, exploring how spatial characteristics influence engagement and energy circulation (Qi) within the urban network. The motivation arises from deficiencies in connectivity, shading, greenery, and water features, which limit social and aesthetic vibrancy.

Aim: The objectives are to evaluate spatial and social dynamics through the Feng Shui Public-Space Index (FS-PSI), Space Syntax analysis, and resident surveys, and to propose strategies using Feng Shui design proxies to improve energy flow, accessibility, and inclusivity.

Results: Findings show Al-Washash has stronger connectivity, integration, and cohesion than Al-Arabi. Surveys revealed limited greenery, water, and social spaces, consistent with higher entropy and lower controllability. Aligning FS-PSI with spatial metrics confirmed that higher Feng Shui values foster stronger social interaction. Proposed interventions include shaded seating, vegetation, lighting, and water features to strengthen community resilience and environmental harmony.

Governing the infrastructure in Indonesia: an empirical evidence from the Sulewana hydropower plants of Lake Poso, Central Sulawesi

Muhammad Nur Alamsyah — 2025-12-30

This article aims to analyze collaborative management of flood-affected communities due to the overflowing of Lake Poso in Central Sulawesi Province. This is an implication of increasing the capacity of the Sulewana Hydroelectric Power Plant to generate electricity by raising the lake’s surface water. How is the involvement of stakeholders together, namely the government, companies, communities and indigenous peoples groups seen through Emerson’s collaborative governance concept. The collaborative governance consists of three dimensions of assessment, namely collaboration dynamics, collaborative action, and impact and adaptation. Research with a qualitative approach uses data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and literature studies. collaboration of stakeholders consisting of the local government, Poso district level, sub-districts, villages, the company PT Poso Energi, and affected communities and indigenous peoples’ organizations. The collaboration that has been carried out has not been complete in resolving the problems and demands of the affected community. This condition is caused by the dynamics of collaboration between stakeholders, and the solutions offered have not met community expectations. Optimization of authority at each level of local government has not gone well, placing the government’s facilitation function, especially at the district and village levels. The lack of openness of companies in the cooperation carried out has caused community acceptance of the results of the collaboration to be unsatisfactory. The position of the hydroelectric power plant as a vital object related to energy provides dominant power to the company, although there is an inseparable bond between the affected community and the government at every level is an inseparable bond in the Pomona traditional community. The solutions provided are only limited and temporary; the community’s implications due to the overflowing lake are permanent and long-term.

Herb garden as a harmonious combination of aesthetics and resilience to changing environmental conditions

Patryk Czerwiński — 2025-12-30

Motives: Herb gardens are a valuable part of rural gardens, contributing to the unique look of the countryside. The cultivation of herbs in households has a long tradition. These plants have uses in daily life, and are also visually appealing. Additionally, they are resistant to unfavorable temperature and humidity conditions. The herb garden, which is part of the household garden, undoubtedly enriches the rural landscape.

Aim: The main purpose of the article was to develop a model design solution for a herb garden in a layout with an ornamental function, and then to analyze the implementation possibilities of the herb garden on the example of the village of Świekatowo.

Results: Pre-design studies in the form of greenery and surface shading analysis revealed several potential locations for it on the property, among which a site in front of a residential building was chosen. The design of the herb garden’s layout was based on the geometric form practiced in the past, dividing the space into sections for different herbs. More than 20 species of herbaceous plants were proposed, employing container growing techniques. Taking into account the variable spatial conditions of households, the study demonstrated a high implementation potential for the herb garden in the village of Świekatowo.

Inclusion of older people in urban public spaces: evaluation and revitalization guidelines based on residential areas in Łódź

Agnieszka Jaszczak — 2025-12-30

Motives: In response to the growing need to adapt urban environments to the requirements of an ageing population, this study examines the quality of the residential environment in selected housing estates in Łódź (Teofilów, Dąbrowa and Karolew).

Aim: The aim was to identify spatial barriers affecting the everyday functioning of older residents and to formulate revitalization guidelines to improve the accessibility and usability of shared spaces.

Results: The findings reveal both strengths and deficiencies of the studied areas, ranging from well-maintained green spaces to neglected pedestrian routes and limited functional accessibility. Particular attention was given to mobility-related needs of older residents and the potential for strengthening their social participation through appropriate spatial design. The proposed guidelines emphasize the potential of these estates to serve as inclusive everyday living environments, where physical quality is aligned with social integration and a sense of place.

Impact assessment of factors on income dynamics in rural areas in context of structural changes in agriculture

Hamza Khalilov — 2025-12-30

Motives: This study analyzes the impact of structural changes in Azerbaijan’s agriculture, especially changes in the structure of land resource use on dynamics of agricultural household income. The results obtained in this regard are of interest in terms of a more accurate assessment of the role of factors determining the level of well-being of the population in rural areas.
Aim: This research aims to identify the nature, direction and scale of the impact of the structural changes in agriculture on the incomes of households in rural areas.
Results: Results of the study indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between indices of cultivated areas and pasture and mowing areas, as well as between the number of animals in conventional units (head) and the index of average monthly income per capita from agricultural activities. There is a significant negative correlation between the index of perennial plants and average monthly income per capita from agricultural activities. In the recent period, a combination of relevant factors created conditions that were unfavorable for significant growth in rural incomes derived from agricultural activities.

Evaluating local SEO quality of municipal geoportals: a multi-method approach integrating automated, link, and AI-based analysis

Karol Król — 2025-12-30

Motives: Research on search engine optimisation (SEO) usually focuses on commercial websites, with limited attention to public sector platforms like geoportals. The impact of SEO on their online visibility and Local SEO quality remains understudied, which presents a research gap worth exploring.
Aim: This study evaluates the SEO quality of selected municipal geoportals using Large Language Models (LLMs). It examines how well these portals are optimised for search engines and whether AI tools can effectively support SEO auditing.
Results: Audits of five geoportals using tools like ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, and Perplexity revealed low SEO support from public administrations, poor link building, and weak metadata. Referring domains and quality indicators were limited. Moreover, AI tools do not conduct real-time audits, which restricts their accuracy and usefulness for detailed SEO assessments.

Land consolidation to provide agricultural land for large public projects – the example of Germany and its use for the Ukraine

Hans-Joachim Linke — 2025-12-30

Motives: New infrastructure and settlement areas required for the development of a state regularly reduce the amount of agricultural land available. However, the latter is needed to produce food and biomass. If military activities take place on the territory of a country such as Ukraine, agricultural land will inevitably be damaged in the medium to long term so that it cannot be used for agricultural purposes or only to a minimal extent. Such land use must be carried out with the least possible negative impact on the agricultural structure, and any resulting disadvantages must be compensated for as much as possible.
Aim: This article presents “Unternehmensflurbereinigung,” a land consolidation instrument successfully used in Germany for decades, and analyzes its potential applicability in Ukraine for infrastructure development and mitigating war-related damage.
Results: This article shows which methodological approaches can be used to make land available for such large public projects as repairing war damage. It also develops the requirements and possible solutions for implementing the instrument in practice.

Service design research analysis in Utena district (Lithuania) tourist attractions

Ramutė Narkūnienė — 2025-12-30

Motives: Utena District (Lithuania), with its rich cultural and natural heritage, holds significant potential for tourism development. However, to compete successfully with other regions, continuous improvement of services is essential. The decision to conduct service design research was driven by its ability to uncover deficiencies in service provision and pinpoint avenues for improvement, ultimately leading to the development of services that perfectly align with customer needs and expectations.
Aim: The purpose of the research is to conduct a service design research analysis in tourist attractions of the Utena district (Lithuania).
Results: It is concluded that the respondents were most encouraged to visit the Utena district by entertainment / relaxation near lakes and other water bodies, cultural and entertainment events taking place in the district, holidays, visiting relatives and friends, cultural and architectural-historical objects.

Strategies to reduce the Urban Heat Island (UHI) in contemporary residential projects in Baghdad

Donia Naseer Tareq — 2025-12-30

Motivation: The urban heat island (UHI) effect is one of the most significant challenges in contemporary urban environments, especially in hot, dry climates. In recent years, Baghdad has witnessed the development of 46 residential projects, highlighting the urgent need to examine the impact of (UHI) in modern residential projects and explore effective mitigation strategies. The research problem stems from the lack of local knowledge and studies in Iraq regarding (UHI) effect within modern residential projects.
Aim: The study aims to investigate the (UHI) phenomenon in Baghdad and explore strategies to mitigate its effect through implementation of afforestation, shading techniques, and the use of cool materials. The ENVI-MET simulation software was employed to assess the current situation and proposed development scenarios under the conditions of a hot summer day. A quantitative methodology was adopted. The findings showed that the scenario (C) led to a significant improvement in Potential Air Temperature values. Both scenarios (B and C) demonstrated a notable improvement in, Sky view factor (SVF) values, while the scenario (B) showed a considerable enhancement improvement in Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) values.
Results: The study highlights the importance of integrating design strategies in residential projects to effectively mitigate the (UHI) effect.

Road accident: a review of their occurrence factors

Gita Yuliani — 2025-12-30

Motives: The transportation system is the backbone of human society and, if improperly handled, has the potential to become its most destructive component. A road accident occurs when the system controlling the vehicle is unable to carry out one or more tasks necessary to ensure safe and incident-free travel.
Aim: This review article aimed to investigate the factors contributing to road accidents throughout the world. By examining a wide range of contributing elements, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted nature of road safety.
Results: Aspects related to humans, vehicles, and environments have been found to be the causes of accidents; identifying these aspects beforehand can help prevent accidents in the future. Several factors, including driver behavior, road design, and vehicle condition, play crucial roles in accident frequency and severity. Addressing these interconnected factors is key to improving global road safety.