Humanities and Natural Sciences

Design Approach as a Way of Creating Social Change

Jadwiga Błahut-Prusik — 2024-12-19

The article is devoted to an interdisciplinary analysis of the potential of the participatory design approach. The direction of the considerations is determined by strategies for counteracting the climate crisis. The aim of the article is to critically analyze modernist design, which is the source of contemporary crises. According to the authors, the participatory design approach is its alternative. They consider it to be one of the main ways of necessary change. The authors formulate the thesis that the design approach plays a key role in strategies for counteracting the climate crisis and can significantly affect both environmental changes and the quality of social existence. The articleis a theoretical analysis of selected issues related to the use of the design approach in the processes of creating social change. During its preparation, the monographic method, desk research and the source analysis method and comparative analysis were used.

Fauna – Flora – Baudelaire. A Lyrical Lecture by Wincenty Korab-Brzozowski about Nature

Bartłomiej Borek — 2024-12-19

An article devoted to the fauna and flora in the literary legacy of Wincenty Korab-Brzozowski. The sketch is an attempt to decode the meanings contained in the symbolic representatives of the plant and animal world in the poetry of the Young Poland artist, who makes nature an inspiration for reflections on universal topics – life, death, sin, suffering, etc. The context for evaluation is the proven thought of Charles Baudelaire.

Znaczenie pojęcia miłości w ujęciu Shree Rajneesha (Osho)

Artur Hrehorowicz — 2024-12-19

The article consists of two parts. The first part focuses on a critique of the common, but according to Osho false, notions of love that lead to its misperception and are obstacles to spiritual development. The second part explores the essence of true love as perceived by Osho, highlighting its deep, ‘source’ aspects and its importance in the individual’s spiritual development process. Through this analysis, the article seeks to fill the gap in research on Osho’s thought, offering a new perspective on his teaching on love.

Client’s Autonomy in a Relationship with a Psychotherapist. A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Approach to Gestalt Therapy

Marek Jawor — 2024-12-19

Gestalt therapy focuses on the client’s authenticity by recognizing that humans are free and unique individuals who adopt various ideals and beliefs that make their lives meaningful. This is why client autonomy plays a very important role in Gestalt therapy. This concept continues to stir debate, and client autonomy is generally defined as self-determination and self-regulation. In this article, an attempt was made to define client’s autonomy from the hermeneutic phenomenological perspective. To achieve this goal, special attention was paid to the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Thomas Fuchs, Emmanuel Levinas, William James, and Paul Ricoeur.

Demographic Crisis and the Blind Spot of Social Sciences

Kamil Kaczmarek — 2024-12-19

Demographic processes can be considered a social consequence of a basic biological phenomenon reproduction. Meanwhile, social sciences ignore this biological dimension or treat it a priori as a constant. As a result, these sciences place potentially key processes in their blind spots in their attempts to explain the demographic crisis. Sex hormones (testosterone, oestrogen) are responsible for the degree of determination in realizing procreative intentions meanwhile a growing number of studies register an increase
of various negative phenomena indicating a disturbance in balance of these hormones and, consequently, the reproductive system. Although these are biological processes, they are not of 0natural origin, i.e. they are most likely the result of the global spread of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This is a side effect of the unrestricted development of technology possible within societies with a industrial type organization and with the dominance of the value system inherent in this type.

“Vivlas” in Nature, or the Meaning and Perception of Nature by Members of the Vilnius Philomath Society

Elżbieta Klimus — 2024-12-19

Many studies have been written on the subject of Philomath Society which existed in Vilnius in the years 1817–1824. However none of them describe the way of perceiving nature by the Philomaths. This article aims in characterizing relations between human and nature on the example of members of the Vilnius youth association. Moreover, there will be presented the circumstances of contact with nature, its influence on mood and attitude of the Philomaths, as well as the use of natural values for pedagogical purposes. The author of this article analyzed the Philomaths’ letters written in the years 1817–1823 and the memoirs of Philomaths’ friends.

Can Monads Be Studied Scientifically?

Krzysztof Kościuszko — 2024-12-19

The article refers to the article About a new type of monadology published in „Studia z Historii Filozofii” (2018, vol. 9, no. 4). The author’s intention is to continue certain themes, but also to describe the relation of the non-dilutive aspect of monads to their extensional expressions, the qualitative nature of monads and their relation to the concepts of modern science. In general,
the idea is to try to develop a more contemporary model of monadology.

Krytyczna funkcja sztuki w systemach przeświadczeń – José Ortega y Gasset

Mateusz Ozimek — 2024-12-19

José Ortega y Gasset’s thoughts on ideas and beliefs can be read as an example of a philosophical tendency which was centred on the historicity of the human knowledge. In accordance with that, we can compare Ortega with other Western philosophers like for example Michel Foucault. This articule argues that both Ortega and Foucault emphesize a critical funcion of art in the transition periods of systems of thaught. Futhermore, both philosophers bring out the example of Diego Velázquez to explain this critical function particularly in case of pictorial art.

The World on the Verge of Ecological Catastrophe in Dominika Słowik’s Samosiejki and Barbara Klicka’s Reneta

Dariusz Piechota — 2024-12-19

This article is devoted to the analysis of two works (Dominika Słowik’s Samosiejki and Barbara Klicka’s Reneta), which in terms of genre fit into climate fiction. In the first part of the article (before the disaster) I focus on the collection of short stories by Słowik, in the second (after the disaster) on Klicka’s novel. Both authors describe climate changes that are a harbinger of an unspecified catastrophe. In both works, the construction of time is important, events are located in the past, present and future, which draws the reader’s attention to the fact that global warming is a progressive process in which changes in nature should be registered and responded to. Even though the authors use a realistic convention to talk about global warming, the language differs.

Extinction of the Brański Family. Pathographic Elements in Morituri by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski

Dorota Samborska-Kukuć — 2024-12-19

J.I. Kraszewski’s maladic interests influenced his novel concepts and served him to diagnose social diseases. Such maladic strategies can be seen in a novel written in the early 1970s Morituri, which suggests the state of illness with its very title. The most expressive (and perhaps also treated as synecdoche) in this connection is the thread of General Hugo Brański, a representative of an aristocratic family, whose destruction is the subject of the work (the writer also took up this subject in other novels).

The literary description of the general’s falling into illness is an artistic example of the clinical image of paranoid schizophrenia. In describing this illness, Kraszewski demonstrated both intuition and perhaps the ability to observe and probably knowledge of this illness (at that time still unnamed), about which he had read in the medical literature of the time.

Psychological Mechanism of Denial on the Example of Attitudes of Nazi War Criminals

Przemysław Sołga — 2024-12-19

The psychological mechanism of denial was one of the essential elements that induced the defensive attitude of Nazi war criminals. They repressed from consciousness the criminal nature of the acts committed during the war, also adopting pseudo-arguments to confirm the validity of the basic foundations of Nazi ideology, especially racism. The aforementioned mechanism also accompanied their testimony after the war, with which they tried to justify their actions or prove their innocence. It was an important component of Nazi psychology, active especially during the period of total war.

The Explanatory Filter and Its Application in Cosmology

Krzysztof Woronowski — 2024-12-19

In this article, the author has attempted to describe the exploratory filter as an efficient methodological tool and to apply it to the study
of the Universe as a whole, while also drawing attention to the methodological correctness of design theory research.

A Philosophical Dispute with Christianity

Ireneusz Ziemiński — 2024-12-19

Since its beginnings, Christianity has been a scandal for Jews and foolishness for pagans (1 Cor 1, 23). Jews could not accept a Messiah who died a disgraceful death on a cross while Greeks saw the new religion as an irrational myth. Meanwhile, Romans persecuted Christians for political reasons because they were considered a threat to the Caesar’s power.
However, once Christianity became a state religion, its followers starting persecuting other religions as supposed idolatry.
The contemporary dispute with Christianity is of a moral nature. On one hand, it concerns the cruelty of God who gives the world salvation through the suffering and death of his innocent son; on the other – the command of “love thy neighbor” which is the fundamental ethical principle of Christianity .

SŁOWO OD REDAKTORA NACZELNEGO

Mirosław Pawliszyn — 2024-12-19