Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

EFFECT OF DIETARY CHOLINE ON THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF COBB 500 CHICKENS

Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Choline serves a number of crucial metabolic functions, making it an essential component in poultry diets which include; lipid transport, cell signalling, and biosynthesis of methylated compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Cobb 500 broiler strain fed on dietary supplementation of choline. One hundred and forty-four (144) day old unsexed Cobb 500 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to three treatment groups with four (4) replications of twelve (12) chicks each in a Completely Randomized Design. Three levels of choline (0, 1200, 1400 ppm/100 kg of feed) were supplemented in the chick’s feed at starter phase (0-21days), while at finisher phase (21-49 days) three levels of choline (0, 800, 1000 ppm/100 kg feed) were also supplemented in the chicken’s feed. Results showed that different levels of choline had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the body changes of broiler chickens at starter and finisher phases. However, feed conversion ratio was best (P<0.05) for chicks supplemented with 1200 ppm at starter phase compare to the finisher phase. At finisher phase, feed intake (3216.93 g/bird) of broiler chickens offered 800 ppm choline were significantly (P<0.05) reduced when compared to control diets (3380.11 g/bird). Dressing percentage significantly (P<0.05) increased at 800 ppm while the thigh decreased (P<0.05) with choline increment. In conclusion, choline supplementation in the diets of broiler chickens at 1200 and 800 ppm/100 kg feed improved the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Cobb 500 broiler strain chickens at starter and finisher phases respectively.

QUALITATIVE YIELD OF WHITE PEPPER EXTRACT OPTIMIZED BY MICROWAVE EXTRACTION AND MEAT QUALITY ASSESSMENT – AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study experiments the application of closed microwave extraction on aqueous white pepper – guided by two fixed [microwave power (300W) and particle size (0.105 mm)] and two variable [irradiation time (75 – 85 min) and solvent volume (280 – 300 mL)] factors in a central composite design. Extracts generated were optimized via meat quality assessment. From responses generated post-optimization, twelve solutions were proffered. Five solutions had highest desirability value of 0.604. Extraction criteria for recommended desirability require microwave power of 300W, 0.105 mm particle size of white pepper, 91.19 min of irradiation time and 280 mL of solvent volume (distilled water), but the other four solutions all require 280 mL of solvent volume and 91.151, 91.131, 91.241 and 91.091 min of irradiation time respectively. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the recommended extract had a remarkable yield of forty-one (41) compounds. This green extraction procedure shows promise for future extractions

FERRONICKEL MINING POLLUTION: HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND BIOINDICATOR POTENTIAL OF HELIX POMATIA (L.) SNAILS IN DRENAS, KOSOVO

Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

We measured the impact and distribution of the activity of minning “Ferronikel” on the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Ni) in the locality Drenas and their effect in oxidative stress of some parameters: carbonyl of proteins, malondyaldehid MDA and total proteins in hepatopancreas of snail Helix pomatia.L.

120 soil samples and 120 snails collected through concentric circles from the pollution point at 1 km, 2 km, 5 km. The dry sample of 0.3 g was treated with reagents HNO₃ 69%, H₂O₂ 30% in a ratio of 1:3 and then they were filtered and the content was read in flame absorber Analyticjena Contra AAA.

Snail hepatopancreas samples after measurement and homogenization in phosphate buffer 9:1 of the weight of live tissue, were treated with relevant methods and were read in a spectrophotometer.

The results of this research show that have a high concentration in polluted area of these metals in the soil and therefore they bioaccumulate in the snail shell and cause oxidative stress in the hepatocytes of the tissue snail Helix pomatia L.

COMPARATIVE HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE BEHAVIOR AND RESISTANCE OF PESTICIDES IN THE SOILS OF SOUTH-EAST EUROPE WHEN USING FORMULATIONS WITH 3RIVE 3D TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Undoubtedly, one of the important factors that allows to reduce the pesticide load on target and non-target objects is the method of chemical plant protection products (CPPPs) application. The 3RIVE 3D pesticide application system is an innovative technology for plant treatment that allows you to reduce the rate of pesticides used and increase their effectiveness.

After the application of Brigade 3Rive 3D, SC formulation using the innovative 3Rive3D technology (soil application with simultaneous sowing of corn seeds) found that on the day of treatment, the level of bifenthrin in the soil was <0.05 mg/kg. On the 3rd day after treatment, the amount of bifenthrin in the soil slightly increased and amounted to 0.083±0.015 mg/kg, on the 7th day the concentration of bifenthrin was 0.06±0.01, which, in turn, is less than the level of the recommended maximum allowable level (0.1 mg/kg).

It was established that when applying the Brigade 3Rive 3D, SC formulation using 3Rive3D technology, the half-life of bifenthrin was 3.6 days, which is lower than the average values obtained in other countries of the European region.