Therapeutic Potency of Lemon-Scented Gum (Eucalyptus citriodora) Leaf Extract for the Development of Antibacterial Drug
Joel Uyi Ewansiha
a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:73:"Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State.";}A. J. Adeleke
Modibbo Adama UniversityDepartment of Microbiology
Senior Lecturer
S. L. Orji
2Bio-resources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Lugbe Abuja, Nigeria.Department of food sciences
- Research Officer
I. D. Kolawole
3Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.Department of food sciences
Research student. (PhD)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2025-7319
Abstract
Objectives: The antibacterial activity, phytochemical components and safe dose of the leaf part of Eucalyptus citriodora was determined using standard methods.
Results: Ten phytochemicals (flavonoid, phenols, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, terpenes, anthraquinones and resins) were present in other solvent extract but tannins and resinswere absent in the aqueous extract. All test organisms were susceptible to ethyl acetate crude extract with mean inhibition zone diameter (IZD) range from 14.00±0.00 to 21.66±0.88 mm but were not susceptible to the aqueous extract; minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values from 7.5 to 60 mg/ml respectively were obtained. Eight fractions were obtained from column chromatography of which 5 were active; however, 3 shows significant (p<0.05) activity with IZD of 26.00±0.00 mm, 23.6±0.33 mm and 20.33±0.33 mm respectively while their corresponding MIC/MBC were 3.75, 1.88 and 3.25 mg/ml/60, 30 and 30 mg/ml. In the same vein, 28, 18 and 17 compounds were detected by gas chromatography in the 3 significantly active fractions. Generally, the alkane group of compounds was the most detected, but for emphasis, Tetracosane (14.03% of ECE1), Octadecanal (59.54% of ECE4) and Decane (13.70% of ECE5) were the most abundant in the three active fraction. The LD50 for the extract was 707.10 mg/kg bw while mild tissue necrosis and degenerative glomeruli were observed in the liver and kidney pathology of experimental rats administered with 1000 mg/ml of extract.
Conclusion: Therefore, Eucalyptus citriodora leaf extract indicated antibacterial potency and therefore considered for drug development.
Keywords:
Eucalyptus citriodora, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions, acute toxicity, antibacterial, alkane, compoundsReferences
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a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:73:"Department of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University Yola, Adamawa State.";}
Modibbo Adama University
<p>Department of Microbiology</p> <p>Senior Lecturer</p> <p> </p> Nigeria
Department of Microbiology
Senior Lecturer
2Bio-resources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Lugbe Abuja, Nigeria.
<p>Department of food sciences</p> <ol> <li class="show">Research Officer</li> </ol> Nigeria
Department of food sciences
- Research Officer
3Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil.
<p>Department of food sciences</p> <p>Research student. (PhD)</p> Brazil
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2025-7319
Department of food sciences
Research student. (PhD)