Analysis of the development of technology for producing ethanol from biomass
Alicja Szymańska
Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technologyhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-5888-5861
Alicja Waleriańczyk
Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technologyhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2342-0460
Grzegorz M. Szymański
Institute of Transport, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology";}Bogdan Wyrwas
Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4791-5318
Abstract
Bioethanol is one of the most important liquid biofuels and is capable of significantly reducing fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. A wide range of raw materials are used for its production. First- and fourth-generation bioethanol is distinguished. The ethanol production process can be carried out using biological or synthetic technologies. Fermentation allows the production of ethanol from renewable raw materials, while synthetic production allows for a high-purity product, but requires the use of petrochemical raw materials. Process optimization includes, among other things, modernizing process water recovery systems, using biological methods involving algae, and integrating bioethanol production with other energy processes. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) indicates that greenhouse gas emissions from field fertilization and the high water consumption of the entire process remain a significant environmental issue. The use of bioethanol as a transport fuel additive is supported by European Union policy, while the first-generation bioethanol market is successfully developing in Brazil and its production is currently the cheapest. Bioethanol, especially second generation, is an important element of energy transformation, but its economic competitiveness requires further technological innovation and regulatory support.
Keywords:
bioethanol, biomass, LCA, ethanol, synthesis, fermentation, distillation, environmental protectionReferences
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Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5888-5861
Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2342-0460
Institute of Transport, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology";}
Institute of Technical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4791-5318
