The problem of sustainable development is rarely raised while discussing the mechanisms of social development. In most cases it is only social and cultural dynamics that is taken into account and the relations between society and natural environment are neglected. Contemporary researchers point out to several historical stages in the link between society and environment: the period of ecological balance between human population and nature, the stage of systematically increasing evolution of nature, the stage of rapid changes of the environment, the hypothetical period of noosphere. In the field of mutual interactions between society and natural environment the mechanisms that determine the exploitation of natural resources are considered to be of the greatest importance. The concept of sustainable development, which is gaining support presently, stressed the importance of ecological, economic and sociocultural aspects. The course of action aiming at realization of the concept of sustainable development demand taking into consideration the following ideas: The concept of social metabolism, the concept of colonization of nature and the idea of global changes.
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