Actual and Declared Attitudes Towards Financial Risk among Students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Justyna Brzezicka
Department of Real Estate and Investment Process, Cracow University of Economicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-1054
Katarzyna Pirożek
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynPaweł Grabowski
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynAbstract
The article is dedicated to the issue of actual and declared attitudes toward risk among students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The research was carried out using a survey (100 questionnaires) in December 2022 as an extension of the work carried out by the students in their thesis. The survey asked respondents to identify their self-reported attitude towards risk (risk averse, risk seeker, risk neutral attitude) and then assessed their actual attitude towards risk using the certainty equivalent method, known from behavioral economics. The study had specific objectives to identify risk attitudes among students and to identify differences between their actual and declared risk attitudes. The most significant conclusions of the study are as follows. Students are not aware of their own attitudes towards risk - only about 30% of the survey sample shows a match between actual and declared attitudes. According to the actual data, risk averters respondents are 41%, those with a risk-neutral attitude 21% and risk-seekers 38%. In the case of the declared data it was respectively: 50%, 6% and 34%.
Keywords:
behavioral economics, prospect theory, risk aversion, risk seekingReferences
Adamczyk, M. (2018). Profil wykształcenia ekonomicznego a skłonność do podejmowania ryzyka. Horyzonty Wychowania, 17(44), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.17399/HW.2018.174411. Google Scholar
Barberis, N., Jin, L. J., & Wang, B. (2021). Prospect Theory and Stock Market Anomalies. The Journal of Finance, 76(5), 2639-2687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13061.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Brzezicka, J., & Wiśniewski, R. (2014). Homo Oeconomicus and Behavioral Economics. Contemporary Economics, 8(4), 353-364. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.150.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Brzezicka, J., & Tomal, M. (2023). Estimation of the Utility Function of Money and Housing Based on the Cumulative Prospect Theory. Real Estate Management and Valuation, 31(3), 83-92. https://doi.org/10.2478/remav-2023-0024.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Camerer, C., & Loewenstein, G. (2004). Behavioral Economics: Past. Present, Future. In C.F. Camerer, G. Loewenstein, & M. Rabin (Eds.). Advances in Behavioral Economics. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Guyse, J.L. (2001). Certainty Equivalence. In: S.I. Gass, & C.M. Harris (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science. New York: Springer.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Jajuga, K. (2018). Zarządzanie ryzykiem. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Google Scholar
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision Under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 363-391. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1914185.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. (2003). Maps of Bounded Rationality: Psychology for Behavioral Economics. American Economic Review, 93(5), 1449-1475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803322655392.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, Fast and Slow. Londyn: UK Allen Lane. Google Scholar
McDermott, R. (2001). Risk-Taking in International Politics: Prospect Theory in American Foreign Policy. Michigen: University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar
Pawlonka, T. (2021). Stosunek do ryzyka a kontekst decyzyjny w świetle teorii perspektywy – wyniki badań eksperymentalnych. In M. Wasilewski, & A. Wasilewska (Eds.). Wyzwania współczesnych finansów. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SGGW. Google Scholar
Pesendorfer, W. (2006). Behavioral Economics Comes of Age: A Review Essay on Advances in Behavioral Economics. Journal of Economic Literature, 44 (3), 712-721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.44.3.712.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Rieger, M.O., Wang M., & Hens, T. (2017). Estimating Cumulative Prospect Theory Parameters from an International Survey. Theory and Decision, 82(4), 567-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11238-016-9582-8.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Saran, J. (2019). Student pedagogicznych studiów niestacjonarnych w sytuacji dostrzeganych zagrożeń i niepewności. Edukacja Ustawiczna Dorosłych, 104(1), 105-122. Retrieved from https://edukacjaustawicznadoroslych.eu/index.php/pl/eud/2019/1/9. Google Scholar
Thaler, R.H. (2000). From Homo Economicus to Homo Sapiens. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(1), 133-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.14.1.133.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Tomal, M., & Brzezicka, J. (2023). Certainty Equivalent, Risk Attitudes and Housing. Applied Economics Letters, 30(18), 2576-2580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2022.2099797.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Tyszka, T. (2010). Decyzje: perspektywa psychologiczna i ekonomiczna. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar. Google Scholar
Tyszka, T., & Domurat, A. (2004). Czy istnieje ogólna skłonność jednostki do ryzyka? Decyzje, 2, 85-104. Retrieved from https://journals.kozminski.edu.pl/pl/journal/decyzje. Google Scholar
Tyszka, T., & Zaleśkiewicz, T. (2001). Racjonalność decyzji. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. Google Scholar
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1992). Advances in Prospect Theory: Cumulative Representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 5, 297-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00122574.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Werner, K.M., & Zank, H. (2019). A Revealed Reference Point for Prospect Theory. Economic Theory, 67(4), 731-773. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-017-1096-2.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Neumann, J. von, & Morgenstern, O. (1944). Theory of Games and Economic Behavior. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Google Scholar
Zaleśkiewicz, T. (2011). Psychologia ekonomiczna. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Google Scholar
Zhang, Z. (2023). Certainty Equivalent, Risk Premium and Asset Pricing. In: Fundamental Problems and Solutions in Finance. Singapore: Springer Nature.
Crossref
Google Scholar
Department of Real Estate and Investment Process, Cracow University of Economics
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9500-1054
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
An Author declares that his paper has not been published before (under the same or another title, or is a part of another publication) and does not infringe copyrights of other persons**. At the same time, the Author transfers to the Publisher the exclusive right to publish and to circulate this work in print in the form of a non-serial journal publication and in a form of an electronic publication.
The journal is available on Creative Common license CC-BY-NC-ND

