Osobowość schizoidalna a dymensjonalna konceptualizacja zaburzeń osobowości według ICD-11
Sandra Nowak
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistykihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-7115
Emilia Soroko
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Zakład Psychologii Zdrowia i Psychologii Klinicznejhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-1698
Abstrakt
Cel: Współczesne badania naukowe i praktyka kliniczna w coraz większym stopniu uwzględniają dymensjonalne modele zaburzeń osobowości. Tendencja ta wymaga precyzyjnego wyjaśnienia relacji między tradycyjnymi sposobami konceptualizacji zaburzeń i nowymi propozycjami opartymi na wymiarach. Celem tego badania było określenie związku pomiędzy cechami osobowości schizoidalnej a elementami (krokami) diagnozy wg ICD-11 oraz określenie, w jakim stopniu osobowość schizoidalna jako konstrukt wymiarowy może być przewidywana (diagnozowana) na podstawie konceptualizacji ICD-11, takich jak nasilenie (severity) zaburzenia osobowości i patologiczne cechy.
Metoda: Badaną grupę stanowiło 176 osób w wieku 18–71 lat (M = 28,3; SD = 10,3; 83,5% kobiet). Do określenia poziomu patologicznych cech osobowości wykorzystano Inwentarz osobowości dla ICD-11 (PiCD), natomiast do oceny poziomu nasilenia zaburzeń osobowości wykorzystano Skalę osobowości i funkcjonowania interpersonalnego (SIFS). Kwestionariusz stylów charakteru został wykorzystany do określenia poziomu schizoidalnego zaburzenia osobowości.
Wyniki: Wyniki analizy korelacji wskazują na istotne związki między schizoidalnym zaburzeniem osobowości (jako konstruktem wymiarowym) a skalami mierzącymi poziom nasilenia zaburzenia osobowości (tożsamość, samokierowanie, empatia, intymność) a poziomem cech patologicznych (z wyjątkiem anankastii). Wyniki analizy regresji krokowej pokazują, że pierwszy etap oceny zaburzeń osobowości według modelu ICD-11, czyli diagnoza stopnia nasilenia zaburzeń osobowości, wyjaśnia 41% osobowości schizoidalnej, a włączenie cech patologicznych (istotna okazała się tu cecha izolacji) podnosi ten odsetek do 54.
Konkluzja: Wyniki sugerują zbieżność między nowymi wymiarowymi konceptualizacjami zaburzeń osobowości i wcześniejszymi podejściami kategorycznymi oraz potrzebę przyszłych badań.
Słowa kluczowe:
model dymensjonalny, schizoidalne zaburzenie osobowości, ICD-11, zaburzenia osobowości, Skala osobowości i funkcjonowania interpersonalnego, Inwentarz osobowości dla ICD-11Bibliografia
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Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Wydział Psychologii i Kognitywistyki
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-7115
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Zakład Psychologii Zdrowia i Psychologii Klinicznej
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-1698
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