Application and Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Perfectionism. A Review of Research on the Reduction of Perfectionism and Symptoms of Co-Occurring Disorders
Magdalena Nowacka
University of Gdańsk, Institute of Psychologyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-4074
Abstrakt
Objective: The aim of this paper is to present the nature of perfectionism as a personality trait, its impact on mental health, and effective therapeutic methods within the framework of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT).
Theses: Perfectionism includes both an adaptive striving for high standards and maladaptive aspects related to fear of mistakes and social pressure. In its maladaptive form, perfectionism constitutes a risk factor for the development and maintenance of numerous mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive–compulsive disorder. Cognitive and behavioural mechanisms of perfectionism—such as dichotomous thinking, self-criticism, rumination, and avoidance—contribute to the persistence of these problems. Cognitive-behavioural therapy, delivered in various forms (individual, group, and online), is an effective method for reducing both perfectionistic concerns and the symptoms of co-occurring mental disorders.
Conclusions: Research shows that perfectionism can have not only positive but also negative effects on patients, and its maladaptive form is associated with a serious threat to mental health. Cognitive-behavioural therapy is currently one of the most well-documented and effective methods for addressing perfectionism. Properly selected and supported interventions promote long-term reduction of maladaptive aspects of perfectionism and improvement in the psychological well-being of patients—both adults and individuals from younger age groups.
Słowa kluczowe:
perfectionism, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mental disorders, transdiagnostic approachBibliografia
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University of Gdańsk, Institute of Psychology
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