Applications of psychological knowledge: Five theses and an example
Abstrakt
Objective
The objective of the paper is to analyze problems with applications in psychology, reflect on their origins, and seek ways of overcoming them. The presented theses are illustrated with an application example: the use of the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits for the comprehensive diagnosis of the personality and the emotional and social functioning of children and adolescents. This application project involved the development of an extensive theoretical model as well as tools for testing a total of 36 variables at different stages of human development in individuals ranging from one to 25 years old. Post-diagnostic materials for profiled interventions were also designed.
Thesis
Thesis 1: A negative approach to applications is driven by the topos of the scholar as an observer and truth-seeker (Pythagorean legacy).
Thesis 2: A positive approach to applications has been inherent in science from the very beginning (Platonic and Aristotelian legacy).
Thesis 3: Today’s problem with the application horizon of science is attributable to advanced scientific specialization (Pythagorean justification).
Thesis 4: An application-oriented criterion for selecting research problems poses the risk of obtaining fragmentary answers (the scholar’s mind as Milton’s/Selfridge’s pandemonium).
Thesis 5: What is needed to maximize the scholars’ potential for applications is a new function: that of an agent-manager (just as in the case of artists).
Conclusions
Science and applications synchronized in the Aristotelian rather than Pythagorean spirit may bring about substantial scientific as well as practical benefits. The possibility of such a synchronization is indicated by cases of successful applications; however, systemic
change is needed for them to become the rule rather than the exception.
Słowa kluczowe:
applications, theory, Circumplex of Personality Metatraits, diagnosis, educationBibliografia
Aristotle (4th century BC / 1990). Metafizyka [Metaphysics]. In: Aristotle, Dzieła wszystkie. Tom 2 [Collected works. Volume 2] (pp. 615–857). Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. Google Scholar
Cieciuch, J. (2013). Kształtowanie się systemu wartości od dzieciństwa do wczesnej dorosłości [Development of the value system from childhood to early adulthood]. Warszawa: Liberi Libri. Google Scholar
Cieciuch, J., Strus, W. (2020). Osobowość w psychologii wychowania [Personality in the psychology of upbringing]. In: H. Liberska, J. Trempała (ed.), Psychologia wychowania. Wybrane problemy [The Psychology of Upbringing: Selected Problems] (pp. 199– Google Scholar
. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Google Scholar
Diogenes Laertius (3rd century BC / 1984). Żywoty i poglądy słynnych filozofów [Lives of Eminent Philosophers]. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. Google Scholar
Gryglewski, R. W. (2011). Historia medycyny [The History of Medicine]. In: Dzieje nauki. Nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze [The History of Science: Exact and Natural Sciences] (pp. 541–647). Warszawa, Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN. Google Scholar
Jura, C. (2011). Historia zoologii [The History of Zoology]. In: Dzieje nauki. Nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze [The History of Science: Exact and Natural Sciences] (pp. 457–539). Warszawa, Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN. Google Scholar
Lichocka, H. (2011). Historia chemii [The History of Chemistry]. In: Dzieje nauki. Nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze (pp. 223–303). Warszawa, Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN. Google Scholar
Maruszewski, T. (2011). Psychologia poznania. Umysł i świat [The Psychology of Cognition: The Mind and the World]. Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne. Google Scholar
Milton, J. (1663/2011). Raj utracony [Paradise Lost]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Zielona Sowa. Google Scholar
Ministerstwo Edukacji Narodowej (2017). Rules for the competition. Knowledge Education Development Operational Programme, 2nd Priority Axis “Effective public policies for the labor market, the economy, and education. Measure 2.10 High quality of the educational Google Scholar
system.” Competition no. POWR.02.10.00-IP.02-00-009/17 “Development and dissemination of diagnostic tools in support of psychological and pedagogical aid” Plato (4th century BC / 1994). Państwo [The Republic]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Alfa. Google Scholar
Popper K. (1935/2002). Logika odkrycia naukowego [The Logic of Scientific Discovery]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Google Scholar
Popper, K. R. (1945/1993). Społeczeństwo otwarte i jego wrogowie. Tom 1. Urok Platona [The Open Society and Its Enemies. Vol. 1. The Spell of Plato]. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Google Scholar
Reale, G. (1996). Historia filozofii starożytnej. Tom 2. Platon i Arystoteles [The History of Ancient Thought. Volume 2. Plato and Aristotle]. Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego. Google Scholar
Strelau, J. (2006). Temperament jako regulator zachowania z perspektywy półwiecza badań [Temperament As a Behavior Regulator from the Perspective of a Half-Century of Research]. Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne. Google Scholar
Więsław, W. (2011). Historia matematyki [The History of Mathematics]. In: Dzieje nauki. Nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze [The History of Science: Exact and Natural Sciences] (pp. 13–105). Warszawa, Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN. Google Scholar
Zawadzki, B. (2016). Gamma i Delta w ujęciu Kołowego Modelu Metacech Osobowości a przekonania w zaburzeniach osobowości [Gamma and Delta from the perspective of the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits]. In: A. Rynkiewicz, K. Jankowski and Google Scholar
W. Oniszczenko (eds.). Wybrane metody i paradygmaty badawcze w psychologii [Selected Research Methods and Paradigms in Psychology] (pp. 203–220). Warszawa: Wyd. Naukowe Scholar. Google Scholar
Zawadzki, B. (2017). Lokalizacja zaburzeń osobowości w Kołowym Modelu Metacech Osobowości [The location of personality disorders in the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits]. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 20(2), pp. 472–512. Google Scholar
Zemanek, A. (2011). Historia botaniki [The History of Botany]. In: Dzieje nauki. Nauki ścisłe i przyrodnicze [The History of Science: Exact and Natural Sciences] (pp. 391–455). Warszawa, Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo Szkolne PWN. Google Scholar
Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.
