Terapia zorientowana na ciało w profilaktyce zaburzeń odżywiania. Przegląd systematyczny

Emilia Korsak

Katedra Psychologii Klinicznej, Rozwoju i Edukacji, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9677-3731


Abstrakt

Cel

Pomimo rosnącego znaczenia terapii zorientowanej na ciało i szerokiego stosowania metod wykorzystujących pracę z ciałem brakuje systematycznych przeglądów naukowych, które analizowałyby jej skuteczność w zakresie zaburzeń obrazu ciała u osób chorujących na anoreksję lub zagrożonych jej wystąpieniem. Stanowi to barierę zarówno dla praktyków sięgających po rozwiązania terapeutyczne, jak i teoretyków badających mechanizmy interwencji terapeutycznych czy edukatorów działających na rzecz profilaktyki zdrowia.

Celem niniejszych rozważań jest przegląd badań dotyczących wpływu różnego rodzaju interwencji opartych na metodach pracy z ciałem na obraz ciała osób z zaburzeniami odżywiania lub zagrożonych zaburzeniami odżywiania typu anoreksja.

Metoda

Badanie przeprowadzono zgodnie ze standardem PRISMA. Zeksplorowano elektroniczne bazy danych (ProQuest, PsychINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science) w poszukiwaniu randomizowanych badań kontrolnych (RCT). Łącznie przeanalizowano 425 pozycji, z czego 69 pełnotekstowych artykułów zostało poddanych krytycznej ocenie. Ostatecznie do przeglądu włączono 15 badań, które spełniły wszystkie kryteria włączenia.

Wyniki

Analizy wskazują, że programy oparte na metodach pracy z ciałem, w porównaniu z grupami kontrolnymi, były bardziej skuteczne w redukowaniu czynników ryzyka i promowaniu czynników ochronnych, a dodanie ich do podstawowej formy terapii może prowadzić do znaczącego zmniejszenia objawów zaburzeń odżywiania.

Konkluzje

W przyszłości istotne byłoby bezpośrednie porównanie wpływu konkretnych typów interwencji na czynniki ryzyka i czynniki chroniące.


Słowa kluczowe:

terapia zorientowana na ciało, obraz ciała, zaburzenia odżywiania, anoreksja, profilaktyka


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2022-12-23

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Korsak, E. (2022). Terapia zorientowana na ciało w profilaktyce zaburzeń odżywiania. Przegląd systematyczny. Przegląd Psychologiczny, 65(1), 81–100. https://doi.org/10.31648/przegldpsychologiczny.7814

Emilia Korsak 
Katedra Psychologii Klinicznej, Rozwoju i Edukacji, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9677-3731