Rozdzielczość czasowa, pamięć robocza a rodzaje błędów w Teście Matryc Ravena – badanie pilotażowe
Krzysztof Tołpa
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6223-234X
Monika Lewandowska
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-3693
Jan Nikadon
SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołecznyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2038-254X
Joanna Dreszer
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniuhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-2934
Abstract
Cel
Celem badania pilotażowego było sprawdzenie zależności pomiędzy rozdzielczością czasową w zakresie milisekundowym, pamięcią roboczą oraz inteligencją psychometryczną z uwzględnieniem analizy jakościowej błędów w Teście Matryc Ravena w wersji dla Zaawansowanych TMZ.
Metoda
Trzydzieści sześć osób (24 mężczyzn i 12 kobiet, w wieku 17–19 lat) wykonało zadanie polegające na prezentowaniu par bodźców w szybkim następstwie czasowym, a następnie rozwiązywało zadanie mierzące pamięć roboczą Automated Operation Span Task Aospan oraz TMZ. Rozdzielczość czasową mierzono za pomocą progu postrzegania kolejności bodźców PPK, wyznaczanego za pomocą algorytmu adaptacyjnego dla poprawności 75%.
Wyniki
Wykazano tendencję do rzadszego popełniania błędów typu Błędna Zasada w TMZ przez osoby uzyskujące niskie wartości PPK: rho(34) = 0,46, p < 0,05. Ponadto zaobserwowano związek między wynikami Aospan i TMZ, dla procentu poprawnie odpamiętanych liter (rho(34) = 0,55, p < 0,01), zaś dla procentu poprawnie odpamiętanych sekwencji (rho(34) = 0,43, p = 0,05).
Konkluzje
Prezentowane badanie jest pierwszym, w którym wykazano związek czasowego opracowywania informacji na poziomie milisekund z typami błędów popełnianymi w teście inteligencji ogólnej. Osoby, które uzyskały wyższe progi postrzegania kolejności bodźców częściej stosowały przy wyborze odpowiedzi jakościowo odmienne od poprawnych reguły rozumowania, co może odzwierciedlać mniejsze zasoby pamięci roboczej potrzebne do odkrycia właściwej reguły.
Keywords:
czasowe przetwarzanie informacji, rozdzielczość czasowa, inteligencja ogólna, pamięć roboczaReferences
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