Abstract

The research on the influence of environment on human mental development have always been linked with the issue of the impact of heredity on ontogenesis of human psyche.

The expression of the issue has undergone the following changes:

-          Which of these two factors, heredity or environment is a decisive factor of human development?

-          What is the relative participation of these factors in human spiritual development?

-          How does the influence of heredity manifest itself in specific conditions of the development of specimen?

The following theories became the theoretical approach to the issue presented:

-          about one decisive factor-the importance of heredity or environment and upbringing

-          of two factors

-          interactive

The research in the field of psychology is more and more often heading towards detailed establishment of the influence of different parts of an external environment on individual, specific characteristics of specimen.

This is followed by the study of the influence of bilingual environment on the child development.

There are divergent views on early bilingualism of children at pre-school age. Some researchers point at possible negative after-effects, while others think that early bilingualism does not have to have any negative after-effects on the child development.

In modern scientific psychology, tendencies to use versatile and interdisciplinary approaches predominate.