https://doi.org/10.31648/hip.409
In this paper it is proposed to understand the visual cognitive system on the basis o f spectrometer’s model that enables the understanding of perception’s objectification, selection o f information in environment and the after effect’s phenomenon’s role in perceiving. Presented model has dual aspect characteristic and distinguishes observations and internal impressions that are experienced as after effects. The prototype o f describing the visual system as a spectrometer is Helmholtz’s outflow theory, which explains the problem o f stabilization o f world’s image despite eyes’ movements and describes the relation between perception and motility, which is today referred to as embodied cognition. The visual system as a whole constitutes a feedback system in which, according to Helmholtz’s concept, the after effect is a signal that controls the perception and is a manifestation o f cognitive intentionality. Number o f arguments that support understanding of the visual system as a spectrometer are presented in this paper. The most important among them is the perception o f the figure as brighter than the background, what has been already noticed by Gestalt psychologists. In the description o f the visual system as a spectrometer two visual systems described by Milner and Goodale were included. In the end o f this work propositions of use o f spectrometer’s model in examination of cognition processes were presented, with emphasis on significance of after effect’s phenomenon as the manifestation of processing o f visual information.
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