Teoretyczne podstawy wysokiej wrażliwości ‒ systematyczny przegląd literatury
Monika Baryła-Matejczuk
Instytut Psychologii i Nauk o Człowieku, Lubelska Akademia WSEIhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2321-9999
Rosario Ferrer-Cascales
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-7454
Natalia Albaladejo-Blázquez
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9116-9092
Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-5162
Manuel Fernández-Alcántara
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-8156
Maria Rubio-Aparicio
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2599-4246
Manuel Lillo-Crespo
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-2808
Borja Costa-López
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicantehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-768X
Abstrakt
Cel
Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie wiedzy dotyczącej teoretycznych podstaw zagadnienia, które w wielu opracowaniach określane bywa mianem wysoka wrażliwość. Podstawą dla podjętych analiz jest koncepcja wrażliwości przetwarzania sensorycznego, mająca istotne znaczenie dla teoretycznego rozwoju zagadnienia wrażliwości środowiskowej. Koncepcja, ze względu na wartość aplikacyjną, wykorzystywana jest w stosowanych badaniach różnic indywidualnych wrażliwości na bodźce ze środowiska. Na jej bazie powstają narzędzia psychometryczne pozwalające na pomiar wrażliwości, rozumianej jako cecha fenotypowa u dorosłych i dzieci.
Metoda
W artykule przedstawiono badania jakościowe, które zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem systematycznego przeglądu literatury (PRISMA) w ramach prac projektu „High sensitivity ‒ innovative module in human sciences” (HSP) nr 2020-1-PL01-KA203-082261. Badanie prowadzono z wykorzystaniem baz: PubMed, ScienceDirect i Scopus.
Wyniki
W ramach przeglądu zidentyfikowano 821 artykułów zawierających słowa klucze „wrażliwość przetwarzania sensorycznego” LUB „osoba wysoko wrażliwa” ORAZ „teoria” LUB „podstawa teoretyczna”. Po usunięciu artykułów powtarzających się (n = 33) przeanalizowano tytuły i streszczenia. W następnym kroku, zgodnie z przyjętymi kryteriami wykluczenia, usunięto 705 artykułów, a po analizie pełnego tekstu wykluczono kolejne 74 artykuły. Ostatecznie w przeglądzie uwzględniono 12 artykułów.
Konkluzje
Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że na gruncie prowadzonych w tym obszarze badań wymienia się trzy główne koncepcje: wrażliwości dyferencyjnej (tłumaczonej także jako podatność dyferencyjna ‒ ang. Differential Susceptibility), wrażliwości przetwarzania sensorycznego (ang. Sensory Processing Sensitivity) i biologicznej wrażliwość na środowisko (ang. Biological Sensitivity to Context). Badania dowodzą niezależność cechy wrażliwość przetwarzania sensorycznego od innych, takich jak neurotyzm czy intowersja. Koncepcja wrażliwości środowiskowej wykazuje wartość aplikacyjną, a w jej ramach opracowywane są narzędzia psychometryczne.
Słowa kluczowe:
wysoka wrażliwość, osoba wysoko wrażliwa, wrażliwość przetwarzania sensorycznego, wrażliwość środowiskowa, systematyczny przegląd literatury, podstawa teoretycznaInstytucje finansujące
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Instytut Psychologii i Nauk o Człowieku, Lubelska Akademia WSEI
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2321-9999
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-7454
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9116-9092
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-5162
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-8156
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2599-4246
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-2808
Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-768X
Licencja
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Użycie niekomercyjne – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowe.