Psychologiczne korelaty postaw wobec szczepionek na COVID-19 wśród polskich respondentów – migawkowe badanie przed rozpoczęciem masowej kampanii szczepień

Łukasz Jach

Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
https://orcid/org/0000-0002-8215-0795

Łukasz Lamża

Uniwersytet Jagielloński
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-9337

Paulina Wardawy

Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9135-9809


Abstract

Cel
Szczepionki na COVID-19 są uznawane za sposób na zatrzymanie trwającej pandemii. Jednak skuteczność tej metody wymaga wysokiego poziomu aprobaty społecznej. Celem niniejszego badania było zmierzenie psychologicznych aspektów postaw wobec szczepień przeciwko COVID-19 w czasie, gdy szczepionka została już opracowana, ale nie była jeszcze rozpowszechniana wśród polskich obywateli.

Metoda
Na próbie 468 polskich uczestników zostało przeprowadzone badanie on-line. Wykorzystano w nim kwestionariusze do pomiaru poziomu postaw wobec szczepionki na COVID-19, strachu przed chorobą COVID-19, ogólnych tendencji do myślenia spiskowego, przekonań spiskowych na temat COVID-19, wiedzy o szczepionkach, postaw wobec nauki, wcześniejszych zachowań prewencyjnych w trakcie pandemii, spostrzeganego poziomu podatności na choroby oraz unikania zarazków. Zbadano również związki postaw wobec szczepionki na COVID-19 z doświadczeniami związanymi z pandemią COVID-19, płcią, wiekiem i poziomem wykształcenia uczestników.

Rezultaty
Analizy ujawniły związki postaw wobec szczepionki na COVID-19 z większością badanych zmiennych. Model regresji z predyktorami takimi jak strach przed COVID-19, postawy wobec nauki i przekonania spiskowe związane z COVID-19 wyjaśniał 46% wariancji postaw wobec szczepionki na COVID-19. Mężczyźni byli bardziej pozytywnie nastawieni do szczepionki na COVID-19 niż kobiety. Postawy wobec szczepionki na COVID-19 nie były związane z osobistymi doświadczeniami uczestników w trakcie pandemii, ich wiekiem ani poziomem wykształcenia.

Wnioski
Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na znaczenie aspektów psychologicznych dotyczących postaw wobec szczepień, które będzie można uwzględniać w projektowaniu przyszłych interwencji profilaktycznych o szerokim zasięgu społecznym.


Keywords:

pandemia COVID-19, postawy wobec nauki, postawy wobec szczepień na COVID-19, przekonania spiskowe, psychologiczne konteksty postaw wobec pandemii COVID-19


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Published
2021-12-29

Cited by

Jach, Łukasz, Lamża, Łukasz, & Wardawy, P. (2021). Psychologiczne korelaty postaw wobec szczepionek na COVID-19 wśród polskich respondentów – migawkowe badanie przed rozpoczęciem masowej kampanii szczepień. The Review of Psychology, 64(3), 7–26. https://doi.org/10.31648/pp.7351

Łukasz Jach 
Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
https://orcid/org/0000-0002-8215-0795
Łukasz Lamża 
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1733-9337
Paulina Wardawy 
Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9135-9809