Mądrość we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Rola interwencji psychologicznych
Abstrakt
Cel: Mądrość od wielu lat stanowi przedmiot zainteresowania psychologii. To zakorzenione w filozofii pojęcie znalazło centralne miejsce w licznych teoriach psychologicznych, a wyniki badań nad konsekwencjami mądrości ujawniają jej znaczenie dla funkcjonowania jednostek i grup społecznych, wskazując zarazem na przestrzeń profesjonalnych działań ukierunkowanych na ich dobrostan. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie Zintegrowanego modelu mądrości oraz wskazanie znaczenia interwencji psychologicznej w zakresie jej rozwijania.
Teza: Zintegrowany model mądrości ma charakter dynamiczny i kontekstowy, a jego założenia pozwalają ujmować mądrość jako kompetencję możliwą do diagnozowania i rozwijania poprzez odpowiednio ukierunkowane oddziaływania psychologiczne. W artykule zaprezentowano narzędzia badawcze umożliwiające diagnozę mądrości oraz poddano teoretycznej analizie jej korelaty, wśród których szczególne znaczenie mają zdolność do równoważenia myślenia abstrakcyjnego i konkretnego oraz zdolność do równoważenia celów kooperatywnych i związanych z ochroną siebie. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono roli psychologa podejmującego interwencje w różnych kontekstach społecznych. Jedną z możliwych form oddziaływania jest trening zdystansowanej autorefleksji, którego skuteczność została wykazana w badaniach nad mądrością.
Konkluzja: Współczesna psychologiczna koncepcja mądrości stwarza podstawy do projektowania interwencji ukierunkowanych na jej rozwijanie, a tym samym może stanowić istotny obszar praktyki psychologicznej. Jednocześnie skuteczność i zakres takich interwencji wymagają uwzględniania ich możliwych ograniczeń oraz podnoszenia świadomości dotyczącej warunków, w jakich mogą one przynosić oczekiwane rezultaty.
Słowa kluczowe:
mądrość, metapoznanie, przyjmowanie perspektywy, rozwiązywanie konfliktów, interwencje psychologiczneBibliografia
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