Adams E.J., Baba D., Ethical Issues of Social Media in Nigeria, „Indonesian Journal of Public Administration Review” 1(2024), no. 2, pp. 1–25.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Alakitan M., Makinde E., Where Are the Ethical Guidelines? Examining the Governance of Digital Technologies and AI in Nigeria, „Policy & Internet” 17(2024), pp. 1–17.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Alforova T.M., Koba M.M., Lehka O.V., Kuchuk A.M., Right to Freedom of Expression v. Reputation Protection (Based on ECtHR Practice Materials), „The Age of Human Rights Journal” 18(2022), pp. 311–330.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Alpi K.M., Evans J.J., Distinguishing case study as a research method from case reports as a publication type, „Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA” 107(2019), no. 1.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Apuke O.D., Omar B., Tunca E.A., Gever C.V., Does Misinformation Thrive with Social Networking Site (SNS) Dependency and Perceived Online Social Impact among Social Media Users in Nigeria? Testing a Structural Equation Model, „Journal of Asian and African Studies” 59(2022), no. 1, pp. 307–322.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Arise News Television, Interview with Eric Umeofia – Erisco Foods on Nagiko Tomato Mix controversy, https://www.google.com/search?q=www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DxLfxFUbBhn4 (accessed: 2/10/2025).
Google Scholar

Ashiru A., Cyberstalking law and the right to freedom of expression in Nigeria: a dead ringer or a constitutional snag?, „SSRN Electronic Journal” 6(2021).
Google Scholar

Baxter P., Jack S., Qualitative case study Methodology: study design and implementation for novice researchers, „The Qualitative Report” 13(2008), no. 4, pp. 544–559.
Google Scholar

Beatty J.W., The Legal Literature on SLAPPs: A look behind the smoke nine years after Professors Pring and Canan first yelled “Fire!”, „University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy” 9(1997), no. 1, p. 4.
Google Scholar

Bell R., Warren V., Illuminating a methodological pathway for doctor of business administration researchers: Utilizing case studies and mixed methods for applied research, „Social Sciences & Humanities Open” 7(2023), no. 1.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Benoit W.L., Image repair discourse and crisis communication, „Public Relations Review” 23(1997), no. 2, pp. 177–186.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Boshoff P., Fafowora B., Digital Media Literacy in Africa: Towards a Research Agenda, „African Journalism Studies” 45(2025), no. 4, pp. 1–11.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Bunkar R., Chauhan L., Verma A., Case study research: A method of qualitative research , in: Exploring narratives: A guide to qualitative research methods, 2024, pp. 67–81.
Google Scholar

Chiroma I.H., Sule I., Twitting to Suspend Twitter’ – Social Media Censorship in Nigeria: Possibilities, Realities and Legalities, „Scholars International Journal of Law Crime and Justice” 5(2022), no. 6, pp. 202–210.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Coombs W.T., Protecting organization reputations during a Crisis: The development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory, „Corporate Reputation Review” 10(2007), no. 3, pp. 163–176.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, ETC) Act, 2015 (Nigeria), www.nfiu.gov.ng/images/Downloads/downloads/cybercrime.pdf (accessed: 4/08/2025).
Google Scholar

Czaplicka M., Zarządzanie kryzysem w social media, Wydawnictwo Helion, Gliwice 2014.
Google Scholar

Di Domenico G., Ding Y., Between Brand Attacks and Broader Narratives: How Direct and Indirect Misinformation Erode Consumer Trust, „Current Opinion in Psychology” 54(2023), pp. 1–7.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Dudziak A., Kampania reklamowa TIGER TRIP 2K22 w serwisie YouTube jako przykład marketingu narracyjnego (próba ustalenia przyczyn nieskuteczności komunikacji wizerunkowej marki Tiger Energy Drink), „Civitas et Lex” (40)2023, nr 4, pp. 37-54.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Dwivedi Y.K., Ismagilova E., Hughes D.L., Carlson J., Filieri R., Jacobson J., Jain V., et al., Setting the Future of Digital and Social Media Marketing Research: Perspectives and Research Propositions, „International Journal of Information Management” 59(2020), pp. 1–17.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Eke C., Njoku C., Disinformation, toxicity and harms in online social networks and media in Nigeria, „Advance Journal of Linguistics and Mass Communication” 9(2025), no. 1, pp. 64–80.
Google Scholar

Erisco Foods Limited, Hello friends and esteemed members of the Eriscofoods community [Status update] , https://www.google.com/search?q=www.facebook.com/eriscofoods/posts/971950111061288 (accessed: 19/07/2025).
Google Scholar

Etuk A.U., Daramola F., Daramola E., Democracy in Nigeria and freedom of speech in a social media age, „Kaduna Journal of Historical Studies” 11(2020), no. 2, pp. 86–88.
Google Scholar

Fârte G.I., Obadă D.R., The Effects of Fake News on Consumers’ Brand Trust, „Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations” 23(2021), no. 3, pp. 47–61.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Hassan I., Dissemination of Disinformation on Political and Electoral Processes in Nigeria: An Exploratory Study, „Cogent Arts and Humanities” 10(2023), no. 1, pp. 1–11.
Crossref
Google Scholar

He S., Hollenbeck B., Proserpio D., The Market for Fake Reviews, „Marketing Science” 41(2022), no. 5, pp. 896–921.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Hsieh H., Shannon S.E., Three approaches to qualitative content analysis, „Qualitative Health Research” 15(2005), no. 9, pp. 1277–1288.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Ilori T., A Postcolonial Legal Critique of Online Expression in Africa, „Journal of African Law” 68(2024), no. 3, pp. 283–300.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Isah A., Zakari O., Chukwuebuni F., Implications of Social Media Disinformation and False Narratives for Public Opinion among Nigerian Electorate, „International Journal of Sub-saharan African Research” 2(2024), no. 4, pp. 286–304.
Google Scholar

Islam A.K.M.N., Laato S., Talukder S., Sutinen E., Misinformation Sharing and Social Media Fatigue during COVID-19: An Affordance and Cognitive Load Perspective, „Technological Forecasting and Social Change” 159(2020).
Crossref
Google Scholar

Jain S., Influence of Online Consumer Reviews on Brand Reputation, „International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology” 12(2024), no. 4, pp. 4785–4790.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska, Internet Public Relations. Polskie realia działań public relations w Sieci, Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Politechniki Koszalińskiej, Koszalin 2010.
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska M., Public relations organizacji w zarządzaniu sytuacjami kryzysowymi organizacji. Sztuka komunikowania się, Wydawnictwo Difin S.A., Warszawa 2015.
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska M., Zarządzanie komunikacją kryzysową w przestrzeni mediów społecznościowych w kontekście zjawiska hejtingu, „Kultura – Media – Teologia” (25)2016, pp. 46-58.
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska M., The Specificity of Crisis Management in Social Media from the Perspective of W.T. Coombs’ Situational Crisis Communication Theory, „Studia Medioznawcze” (20)2019, no. 4(79), pp. 318-332.
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska M., Hejt jako źródło sytuacji kryzysowych podmiotów w przestrzeni społecznej, „Zarządzanie Mediami” (8)2020, no 2, pp. 75–87.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Kaczmarek-Śliwińska M, Kryzysogenny potencjał fake newsa, w:, Oblicza fake newsa. Perspektywa naukowych analiz zjawiska fałszywych wiadomości, red. K. Rosińska, P. Płatek, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UKSW, Warszawa 2021, pp. 15-32.
Google Scholar

Kayode-Adedeji T., Nwakerendu I., Dissemination of Fake News on Social Media: A Demographic Analysis of Audience Involvement, „European Conference on Social Media” 9(2022), no. 1, pp. 289–297.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Kongres E., Sugianto F., Setyorini E.H., Kokpan B.S., Zhang S., Protecting Consumers against Defamation Claims: The Role of Common Interest in Product Reviews, „Khazanah Hukum” 6(2024), no. 3, pp. 294–310.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Lianos I., Eller K.H., Kleinschmitt T., Towards a Legal Theory of Digital Ecosystems, „SSRN” 16(2024), pp. 1–62.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Miotk A., Nowy PR. Jak Internet zmienił public relations, Wydawnictwo Słowa i Myśli, Lublin 2016.
Google Scholar

Mohammed A., Adelakun L.A., The 2021 Nigerian Twitter Ban: A Text-Analytics and Survey Insight into Public Reactions and Outcomes in the Early Weeks of the Ban, „Communication and the Public” 8(2023), no. 4, pp. 390–401.
Crossref
Google Scholar

News Central TV, Purple Women Foundation marches for justice for Chioma Okoli , https://www.google.com/search?q=www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3Dv-Gy4klOuSM (accessed: 12/03/2024).
Google Scholar

Obi-Ani N.A., Anikwenze C., Isiani M.C., Social Media and the Covid-19 Pandemic: Observations from Nigeria, „Cogent Arts and Humanities” 7(2020), no. 1, pp. 1–15.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Olise F.P., Level of Acceptance of News Stories on Social Media Platforms among Youth in Nigeria, „Jurnal Komunikasi Malaysian Journal of Communication” 37(2021), no. 2, pp. 1–16.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Oyepho A., Appraising The Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention Etc.) Act, 2015 in the Context Of Jurisdiction in Cyberspace, „Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journal of International Law and Jurisprudence” 15(2024), no. 2, pp. 69–80.
Google Scholar

Pate R.L., Schapsis C., Free Speech and the Case for Regulating Online Reviews of Professional Services in the United States, „Law Technology and Humans” 6(2024), no. 3, pp. 139–155.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Peng S., Shiyu S., An investigation into the assessment of the quality of case study in social research , in: Proceedings of the 2021 6th International Conference on Social Sciences and Economic Development (ICSSED 2021), 2019.
Google Scholar

Rothut S., Promoting Politics: Political Social Media Influencers, Their Online Engagement, and Implications for Democracy, „American Behavioral Scientist” (2025), pp. 1–22.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Rydzak W., Zarządzanie informacją w sytuacjach kryzysowych, w: J. Olędzki, D. Tworzydło, Public relations. Znaczenie społeczne i kierunki rozwoju, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2006.
Google Scholar

Salau A.O., Social Media and the Prohibition of ‘False News’: Can the Free Speech Jurisprudence of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights Provide a Litmus Test?, „African Human Rights Yearbook / Annuaire Africain Des Droits De L’Homme” 4(2022), pp. 231–254.
Crossref
Google Scholar

San Martín P., Meta’s Oversight Board, „Erasmus Law Review” 16(2023), no. 2, pp. 124–139.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Sander B., Democratic Disruption in the Age of Social Media: Between Marketized and Structural Conceptions of Human Rights Law, „European Journal of International Law” 32(2021), no. 1, pp. 159–193.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Sitorus S.L., Qualitative Method (Case Study Research), „Journal of Communication Education” 15(2021), no. 1.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Stray J., Iyer R., Larrauri H.P., The Algorithmic Management of Polarization and Violence on Social Media, „SSRN Electronic Journal” (2023), pp. 1–36.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Surjatmodjo D., Unde A.A., Cangara H., Sonni A.F., Information Pandemic: A Critical Review of Disinformation Spread on Social Media and Its Implications for State Resilience, „Social Sciences” 13(2024), no. 8, pp. 1–11.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Tri N.M., Culture as a dynamic product of socially and historically situated discourse communities: A review of literature, „Ministry of Science and Technology Vietnam” 66(2024), no. 1, pp. 121–128.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Tworzydło D., Procedura zarządzania w kryzysie wizerunkowym w mediach – przeciwdziałanie, reagowanie oraz odzyskiwanie utraconych korzyści, „Studia Medioznawcze” (70)2017, no 3, pp. 77-88.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Tworzydło D., Public relations praktycznie, Newsline, Rzeszów 2017.
Google Scholar

Tworzydło D., Zarządzanie w kryzysie wizerunkowym, Wydawnictwo Difin S.A., Warszawa 2019.
Google Scholar

Tworzydło D., Public Relations. Praktyka komunikowania 3.0, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN S.A., Warszawa 2023.
Crossref
Google Scholar

TVC News, Protesters storm Erisco Foods over Chioma Okoli case , https://www.google.com/search?q=www.instagram.com/reel/C4nMFnnAEpc (accessed: 17/09/2025).
Google Scholar

Uwalaka T., Amadi F., Enyindah S.C., Social Media Influencers and Political Influence Operations: The Data Boys Example in Nigeria, „Public Relations Inquiry” 14(2024), no. 1, pp. 89–115.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Vasist P.N., Chatterjee D., Krishnan S., The Polarizing Impact of Political Disinformation and Hate Speech: A Cross-Country Configural Narrative, „Information Systems Frontiers” 26(2023), pp. 663–688.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Verma K., Adebayo K.J., Wagner J., Reynolds M., Umbach R., Milosevic T., Davis B., Beyond Binary: Towards Embracing Complexities in Cyberbullying Detection and Intervention – A Position Paper , in: Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (Torino, Italy), 2024, pp. 2264–2284.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Xu Y., Trzaskawka P., Towards Descriptive Adequacy of Cyberbullying: Interdisciplinary Studies on Features, Cases and Legislative Concerns of Cyberbullying, „International Journal for the Semiotics of Law – Revue Internationale De Sémiotique Juridique” 34(2021), no. 4, pp. 929–943.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Yin R.K., Case Study Research and Applications: Design and methods, SAGE Publications, Inc. 2018.
Google Scholar

Zhou K., Šćepanović S., Quercia D., Characterizing Fake News Targeting Corporations, in: International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 2024, pp. 1818–1832.
Crossref
Google Scholar

Zukić M., Zukić A., Defamation Law and Media: Challenges of the Digital Age, „MAP Education and Humanities” 5(2024), pp. 98–109.
Crossref
Google Scholar