Return to the philosophy of ancient Greece allows H. Arendt point out the ethical dimension of political activity in which the ability to combine the own good with the good general was seen as an evidence of rational human nature, free and responsible at the same time. The Republican ideal of life is confronted by Arendt with the dominant political and economic trends that have developed in modern European culture. She progressed in her ethical debasement of the public sphere, leading to its perception in terms of coercion and violence, threatening individual freedom. The sphere of individual activity, especially with work-related manufacturing, earning and consumption, gained in importance. The idea of privacy, wealth and competition won. Mass society was born, consisting of minor units unable to assume responsibility for the political community.
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