Published: 2025-12-12

BETWEEN HEROISM AND DIALOGUE: CINEMATIC REPRESENTATIONS OF THE PAPACY IN CONTEMPORARY CULTURE IN THE FILMS KAROL: THE POPE, THE MAN AND THE TWO POPES

Ryszard Sawicki
Civitas et Lex
Section: Social Communication and Media
https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.11725

Abstract

Autor explores cinematic representations of the papacy within the context of contemporary visual culture, focusing on two films: Karol: The Pope, the Man (2006) and The Two Popes (2019). Its aim is to examine how modern cinema interprets the Petrine ministry from theological, cultural, and socio-ethical perspectives. Using hermeneutical-cultural and comparative-analytical methods, the study identifies two complementary models of papal leadership: the heroic-prophetic and the dialogical-relational. The first, inspired by John Paul II, emphasizes witness, sacrifice, and spiritual authority; the second, associated with Pope Francis, highlights empathy, community, and discernment. The analysis shows that these models are not opposed but mutually enriching, presenting the papacy as a space of prophetic witness and pastoral dialogue. The study also reveals the ethical and social dimensions of papal representations, demonstrating their normative potential for shaping moral authority within the culture of dialogue and responsibility. In this way, the article contributes to the interdisciplinary research on the relationship between theology, culture, and public life.

Keywords:

papacy, pastoral ecclesiology, religious film, theology of culture, John Paul II, Benedict XVI, Pope Francis, Karol: The Pope, the Man, The Two Popes.

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Citation rules

Sawicki, R. (2025). BETWEEN HEROISM AND DIALOGUE: CINEMATIC REPRESENTATIONS OF THE PAPACY IN CONTEMPORARY CULTURE IN THE FILMS KAROL: THE POPE, THE MAN AND THE TWO POPES. Civitas Et Lex, 48(4), 51–63. https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.11725

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