Published: 2023-12-271

Practice of Inheritance of Property by Women in a Peasant Family Based on the Texts of Wills from the Second Half of the 16th and 17th Centuries

Amadeusz Świta
Civitas et Lex
Section: History
https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.9007

Abstract

The practice of women inheriting a property in 16th and 17th century peasant families was examined through an analysis of dozens of peasant wills. The problem addressed in the article – a micro-historical text – refers to peasant women living in different years in a number of villages located in, sensu lato, the Lesser Poland region (Polish: Małopolska). From the family histories shown in the texts of the last wills, it appears that a woman had the right to inherit, dispose of, and manage property. A young woman – a peasant's daughter – received both movables (things of daily use) and real estate (buildings or pieces of land) as an inheritance (including a dowry). She could also advance, becoming heir to the entire farm. Despite these rights, in a broad sense, out of principle, the female peasants held lower position than their brothers. Dying peasants, however, valued their spouses – thanking them for their work and care, they often bequeathed all their possessions to them.

Keywords:

woman, peasants, inheritance, family in modern times, peasants wills

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Świta, A. (2023). Practice of Inheritance of Property by Women in a Peasant Family Based on the Texts of Wills from the Second Half of the 16th and 17th Centuries. Civitas Et Lex, 40(4), 21–36. https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.9007

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