Krytyczne ujęcie homo theoreticus w Zwycięstwie Josepha Conrada
Katarzyna Sokołowska
Department of British and American Studies, Maria Curie-Skłodowska UniversityAbstrakt
W powieści Zwycięstwo (1915) Joseph Conrad kreśli portret Axela Heysta, typowego dla swej twórczości bohatera ambiwalentnego, który po śmierci ojca, słynnego szwedzkiego filozofa, postanawia wprowadzić w życie zasady jego sceptycznej filozofii, a zwłaszcza oderwanie od relacji z innymi i dystans do rzeczywistości. Jednak
spotkanie z Leną i napad bandytów Jonesa budzą w nim wątpliwości, czy nie powinien zrewidować tych założeń. Opracowana przez Petera Sloterdijka koncepcja homo theoreticus, typowego dla nowożytności modelu podmiotu, który stawia obiektywne poznanie i bezinteresownąobserwację ponad angażowanie się w zajmowanie stanowiska
i skłania się do wycofania w wewnętrzny świat swoich myśli, rzuca światło na odmowę zaangażowania i wybór życia kontemplacyjnego przez Heysta oraz konceptualizację siebie jako „ja” oglądającego. Jednak destabilizacja dychotomii tego, co wewnętrzne i co zewnętrzne, obiektywizmu i subiektywizmu, intelektu i zmysłów, unieważnia projekt ustanowienia spójnego teoretycznego „ja”. Nie mogąc utrzymać stabilnej tożsamości wolnej od przeciwstawnych dążeń, Heyst wybiera samobójstwo jako radykalną formę dystansu.
Słowa kluczowe:
Peter Sloterdijk, Joseph Conrad, homo theoreticus, “ja” oglądające, niezaangażowanie, nowoczesny podmiotBibliografia
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Google Scholar
Baines Jocelyn, 1971, Joseph Conrad. A critical biography, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth. Google Scholar
Batchelor John, 1996, The life of Joseph Conrad. A critical biography, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford. Google Scholar
Bonney William W., 1980, Thorns and arabesques. Contexts for Conrad’s fiction, John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London. Google Scholar
Conrad Joseph, 1946, Lord Jim, Collected Edition, J.M. Dent and Sons, London. Google Scholar
Conrad Joseph, 1948, Victory, Collected Edition, J.M. Dent and Sons, London. Google Scholar
Conrad Joseph, 1983, The collected letters of Joseph Conrad, vol. 1, F.R. Karl and L. Davies (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Conrad Joseph, 1986, The collected letters of Joseph Conrad, vol. 2, F.R. Karl and L. Davies (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Conrad Joseph, 1988, The collected letters of Joseph Conrad, vol. 3, F.R. Karl and L. Davies (ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Cox C.B., 1974, Joseph Conrad: the modern imagination, J.M. Dent and Sons, London. Google Scholar
Erdinast-Vulcan Daphna, 1991, Joseph Conrad and the modern temper, Clarendon Press, Oxford. Google Scholar
Geddes Gary, 1980, Conrad’s later novels, McGill-Queen’s University Press, Montreal. Google Scholar
Guerard Albert J., 1958, Conrad the novelist, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Gurko Leo, 1962, Joseph Conrad: giant in exile, Macmillan Company, New York. Google Scholar
Hampson Robert, 1992, Joseph Conrad: betrayal and identity, Macmillan Press, London. Google Scholar
Johnson Bruce, 1971, Conrad’s models of mind, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. Google Scholar
Kaehele Sharon and German Howard, 1964, “Conrad’s Victory: A Reassessment.” Modern Fiction Studies, No. 10(1), p. 55-72. Google Scholar
Karl Frederick R., 1979, Joseph Conrad: the three lives. A biography, Faber and Faber, London. Google Scholar
Levin Yael, 2013, Masters of disinterest: everything you always wanted to know about Conrad’s Victory but were afraid to ask James, Conradiana No. 4(3), p. 1–19. Google Scholar
Meyer Bernard C., 1967, Joseph Conrad. A psychoanalytic biography, Princeton University Press, Princeton. Google Scholar
Moser Thomas, 1957, Joseph Conrad. Achievement and decline, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Park Douglas B., 1976, Conrad’s Victory: the anatomy of a pose, Nineteenth-Century Fiction No. 31(2), p. 150–169. Google Scholar
Raval Suresh, 1980, Conrad’s Victory: skepticism and experience, Nineteenth-Century Fiction No. 34(4), p. 414–433. Google Scholar
Ressler Steve, 1988, Joseph Conrad. Consciousness and integrity, New York University Press, New York. Google Scholar
Schwarz Daniel R., 1982, Conrad: the later fiction, Macmillan Press, London. Google Scholar
Sloterdijk Peter, 2012, The art of philosophy. Wisdom as a practice, transl. Karen Margolis, Columbia University Press, New York. Google Scholar
Sloterdijk Peter, 2013, You must change your life. On anthropotechnics, transl. Wieland Hoban, Polity Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Spittles Brian, 1992, Joseph Conrad. Text and context, Macmillan Press, London. Google Scholar
Tanner Tony, 1986, Joseph Conrad and the last gentleman, Critical Quarterly No. 28(1–2), p. 109–142. Google Scholar
Taylor Charles, 1989, Sources of the self. The making of the modern identity, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. Google Scholar
Watts Cedric, 1983, Reflections on Victory, Conradiana No. 15(1), p. 73-79. Google Scholar
Watts Cedric, 1993, A Preface to Conrad, Longman, London. Google Scholar
Wollaeger Mark A., 1990, Joseph Conrad and the fictions of skepticism, Stanford University Press, Stanford. Google Scholar
Department of British and American Studies, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
