https://doi.org/10.31648/hip.1378
Socialist realism is generation of the certain social and economic system which was based on the ideological and political doctrine; it is closely connected with a recognition and realization of ideals of communistic and socialist transformation of society, and also with extrapolation of these ideals on all morally-aesthetic sphere of the life of society. Socialist realism is characterized by the aspiration to active alteration of social and economic life and art attitude. The attribute of sacrifice and sometimes frank ignoring of value of human life are excessively exaggerated in the works of the followers of this method. In socialist realism the utopianism and humanism are eclectically combined with social optimism and aesthetism. The panegoism of a socialist realism is some kind of the mystical religiousness made a duty, replacing traditional all-democratic values of science, culture and freedom of research. The occurrence of the method of socialist realism was stimulated by the statement in practice of the ruling party top of ideology of utopian socialism, the preference of subjective to objective, the will - to the law, the order - to research. A. Gorky, A. Lunacharsky, N. Bukharin - founders and propagandists of a socialist realism demanded the hatred to „life”, revolutionary, heroic pathos, creation of the image of „the positive hero” from writers in the Soviet literature, understanding, that it is „very difficult task”. In the article the creativity of talented Soviet writers such as A. Platonov, O. Kuvaev, A. Bek, V. Bogomolov is researched. The close connection between the ideology of socialist realism and the philosophy of Russian philosopher N.Fedorov is shown here. A. Gorky accepted Fedorov’s project of „regulation of nature”, wich is in his opinion, close to socialist pathos of „submission of all energy of nature to interests of labour force”. He believes in the opportunity of boundless development of mankind and, in reaching the immortality. Lunacharsky, the creator of „the religion of socialist realism,, thought that the belief in active person is the belief in the future humanity, its religion.
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