https://doi.org/10.31648/hip.218
In the article the most basic principles of so called consciousness theory based on experiencing, which was coined by such scientists like Roman Ingarden, Antoni B. Stępień, Karol Wojtyła and Wojciech Chudy. Some crucial elements of this concept refer to thoughts of Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Descartes, Kant, Brentano, Husserl and Bergson. In accordance with experiencing concept, known also as reflexive (in conparison to reflective), the main feature of consciousness is its ability to selfrevealing itself - ability to selftranscending itself, self-transparency, or - according to G. Ryle - phosphorency. Thanks to this ability conscious experiences are focused not only on objects trascendental towards them, but also on the experiences themselves. Consequently, in accordance with E. Husserl, it is crucial to mention the fact that there is so called “second intentionality” of stream of consciousness and many other kinds of self-consciousness (reflexive and non-reflexive). Among various kinds of self-consciousness the ones that are non-objective, non-thematic, non-active and non-reflexive are the most distinctive. Among them there are, for instance, Husserl’s retentional and protentional consciousness, Ingarden’s experiencing (Durchleben, in comparison to Erleben) or earlier Thomas Aquinas’s and other scholars reflection in actu exercito, René Descartes’s ego cogito, Kant’s transcendental apperception, Fichte’s intellectuelle Anschauung, F. Brentan’s inneres Bewusstsein and Bergson’s intuition. It seems that the ability of selfconscioussness to selfreveal itself and to selftranscend is one of the key features of selfconsciousness. It is also its most specific and distinctive feature.
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