Prawne rozumienie powstania i ustania swobody woli
Viktor Savchenko
Kauno Kolegija, Higher Education Institution, Lithuaniahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-3559
Abstract
Free will is an essential legal idea that determines the nature of legal relations. Free will is essential for private law, as it shapes the mechanisms for entering into contracts, fulfilling obligations, the scope of civil capacity, adherence to the principles of discretion, voluntariness, fairness, etc. The purpose of the paper is to determine the dynamics of freedom of will and to provide a legal justification for the moment of its emergence and termination. The scope of free will is dynamic; it arises at birth and changes throughout life. The scope of free will is related to two main criteria: the level of intelligence and the scope of civil capacity. Minor children, people with limited civil capacity, and incapacitated persons have the lowest level of free will. The scope of free will also vary within a specific civil capacity. Free will may be temporarily suspended when someone is unaware of their actions. A complete, irreversible loss of free will occurs only in the event of death. From that moment on, a person ceases to be a party to legal relations and a legal person.
Keywords:
freedom of will, civil capacity, the autonomy of will, civil law, legal personhood, a legal personReferences
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Kauno Kolegija, Higher Education Institution, Lithuania
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-3559
