The Young Generation against the Regime: Unofficial Political Youth Associations in Ukraine in the 1950s-1960s
Svitlana Soroka
Department of Public Administration, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 68 Desantnikiv 10, 54-003 Mykolayiv, Ukrainehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-0388
Abstract
In Ukraine, only those youth organizations that were dependent on the power apparatus were usually able to function in a narrow scope. The associations emerging in the years 1950-1960 were already anti-Soviet, but their universality was still limited. After the death of Stalin in Ukraine, the national liberation movement revived, and this contributed to the creation of around 46 associations of mainly youth. Their activity was an expression of opposition against the current regime. However, the authorities used all available means to prevent these associations from criticizing them in the media, through criminal prosecution and various types of social and political repression. The movement of unofficial associations was a reflection of the attitude of young people to the rulers, it was an expression of lack of support for the social situation in the country - dissatisfaction of young people with financial situation, housing, and the subject to a continuous process of Russification. On the basis of the analyzes carried out, the author showed that the young generation easily identified contradictions between the propaganda of power and its actual actions. She also stressed the determination of young people in striving to change the shape of social life and her hope that the desired changes will be carried out. Importantly, young people in their efforts have been shown as a homogenous community that wants to influence management in social and state areas.
Keywords:
youth associations, unofficial associations, youth policy, soviet regimeReferences
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Kravchenko Victor, 2004, Syn`o-zhovtyj prapor nad Kyjevom 1 travnya 1966 roku, Vydavnytstvo Smoloskyp, Kyiv.
Kudrya Taras, 1997, Zarodzhennya dysydents`kogo ruchu v Ukrayini, Istoriya Ukrayiny, No. 47, p. 4-5.
Kulynyak Danylo, 1990, My sprahlo vchylys' pravdy, Ukrayina, No. 2, p. 20-21.
Moroz Vitaly, 1993, Shistdesyati roky v Ukrayini, Vsesvit, No. 9-10, p. 182-188.
Pashynina Tetiana, 2004, Molodizhnyj rukh v Ukrayini v drugij polovyni 50-kh – 80-kh rr. XX st., Natsionalnyi pedahohichnyi universytet im. M. P. Drahomanova, Kyiv.
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Shevchuk Volodymyr and Taranenko Mykola, 1999, Istoriya ukrayins`koyi derzhavnosti, Vydavnytstvo Lybid`, Kyiv.
The copies of original letters of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, information of Departments of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, letters, information of Regional Committees of Communist party of Ukraine, Ministries of the Ukrainian SSR and other organizations about anti-Soviet actions and fighting them (secret part), 1950-1967, Central State Archive of Public Organizations of Ukraine (CSAPO of Ukraine), fund 1, descr. 24, file 4302.
The information of Administrative Department of the of Central Committee the Communist Party of Ukraine, letters and information of the Regional Committees of Communist Party of Ukraine, Ministries and other organizations about anti-Soviet actions and fighting them (secret part), 1950-1967, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 24, file 4537.
The information of Departments of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, letters, information of Regional Committees of Communist party of Ukraine, Committee for Radio-broadcasting and Television of Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR about anti-Soviet actions and fighting them (secret part), 1950-1967a, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 24, file 4947.
The information of Departments of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, reports and information of the Regional Committees of Communist Party of Ukraine, the Ministry of Justice of the Ukrainian SSR about anti-Soviet actions and fighting them (secret part), 1950-1967b, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 24, file 3604.
The information of the Prosecutor's Office of the Ukrainian SSR about crime and child neglect in the Republic in 1969, an informational message of Committee for State Security of Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR (the documents of Departments of the Central Committee Ukraine Leninist Communist League of Youth), 1965-1987a, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 7, descr. 20, file 432.
The information of the Prosecutor's Office of the Ukrainian SSR, Committee for State Security about antisocial behavior among some part of young people (the documents of Departments of the Central Committee Ukraine Leninist Communist League of Youth), 1965-1987b, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 7, descr. 20, file 208.
The letters to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, the information of the Regional Committees to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine about intensification of enemy activities of the nationalist elements in the country and the judicial processes on them; articles for publication in the newspaper "Soviet Ukraine" about inveterate nationalist Antonenko-Davidovich, (secret part), 1968-1988, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 25, file 877.
The Resolutions of the Presidium of Central Committee the Communist party of Ukraine "Special folder", 1959, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 16, file 85.
The Resolutions of the Presidium of Central Committee the Communist Party of Ukraine (original documents), 1962, CSAPO of Ukraine, fund 1, descr. 16, file 109.
Zajtsev Yuriy, 1995, Dysydenty, "Molod` Ukrayiny", 23 bereznya, p. 3.
Zajtsev Yuriy, 1992, Dysydenty: opozytsijnyj ruch 60–80-ch rokiv, in: Kul`chytskyj S. (red.), Storinky istoriyi Ukrayiny: XX stolittya, Vydavnytstvo Osvita, Kyiv 1992, p. 195-235.
Zakharov Borys, 2003, Narys istoriyi dysydents`kogo Rukhu v Ukrayini (1956-1987), Vydavnytstvo Folio, Kharkiv.
Soroka, S. (2018). The Young Generation against the Regime: Unofficial Political Youth Associations in Ukraine in the 1950s-1960s. Studia Warmińskie, 55, 305–321. https://doi.org/10.31648/sw.3078
Svitlana Soroka
Department of Public Administration, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 68 Desantnikiv 10, 54-003 Mykolayiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-0388
Department of Public Administration, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 68 Desantnikiv 10, 54-003 Mykolayiv, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-0388
