Strategies of the Act of Apology in Learning Portuguese as a Foreign Language
Abstract
We begin our considerations with claiming that in the process of teaching a foreign language, the primary aim is to develop the pragmatic and communication competence which means, among others, the ability to construct utterances that are correct and adequate for a particular communicational situation. The subject of this article is to present formal strategies of the act of apology, used by Polish students in the process of learning Portuguese as a foreign language. As the act of apology can be considered as one of the most essential acts of speech in communication, it is, therefore, evident to verify which type of the act of apology is used by students who are not native users of the Portuguese language.
Keywords:
acts of speech, act of apology, pragmatics, foreign languageReferences
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Blum-Kulka Shoshana et. al. 1989. Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex.
Brown Penelope. Levinson Stephen. 1987. Politeness. Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Carreira Maria Helena Araújo. 1995. Pedido de desculpa e delicadeza: para o estudo dos seus processos linguísticos em português. W: Actas do X Encontro Nacional da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística. Org. Associação Portuguesa de Linguística. Lisboa: APL: 105-116.
Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa. https://dicionario.priberam.org/la [Dostęp 20 IV 2020].
Europejski System Opisu Kształcenia Jezykowego: uczenie się, nauczanie, ocenianie. https://www.ore.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/attachments/ESOKJ_Europejski-System Opisu.pdf [Dostęp 6 V 2020]
Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine. 1998. Les interactions verbales: variations culturelles et échanges rituels. Paris: Armand Colin.
Leech Geoffrey Neil. 1983. Principles of pragmatics. London: Longman.
Lipczuk Ryszard. 1999. O wielości i wieloznaczności terminów (na przykładzie klasyfikacji aktów mowy). „Lingua ac Communitas” nr 9: 169-176.
Marcjanik Małgorzata. 2000. Polska grzeczność językowa. Kielce: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej im. Jana Kochanowskiego.
Mateus Maria Helena et al. 1989. Gramática da Língua Portuguesa. Lisboa: Caminho.
Searle John R. 1979. Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts. Cambridge; New York; Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Wierzbicka Anna. 1983. Genry mowy. W: Tekst i zdanie. Zbiór studiów. Red. Dobrzyńska T, Janus E. Wrocław: 125-137.
Wiśniewska, J. (2021). Strategies of the Act of Apology in Learning Portuguese as a Foreign Language. Acta Neophilologica, 1(XXIII), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.31648/an.5559
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