Cultural Adaptation, Manipulation and Creativity in Translation
Abstract
This article not only discusses the concept of translation from the point of view of manipulation, creativity, and cultural adaptation, but it also provides examples of translations or adaptations in English and in Polish. I compare various definitions of manipulation, and conclude that manipulation seems to be the defining feature of translation, especially in the case of texts that do not require lexical precision and in which the choice of vocabulary may be, to a certain extent, random. In addition, manipulation should not be analyzed without reference to wider ideological and socio-cultural contexts in which it takes place. At the word level, however, manipulation often takes the form of simple, conscious or not, lexical substitutions meant to produce a faithful translation.
Keywords:
manipulation, cultural adaptation, creativity, translationReferences
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Eco Umberto. 1984. The Role of the Reader: Exploration in the Semiotics of Texts. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
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Hermans Theo. 2007. Literary Translation. In: A Companion to Translation Studies. Eds. Kuhiwczak P. and Littau K. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters: 77-91.
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Salich Hanna. 2011. Manipulation in Translation: Manipulation or Creativity? In: Manipulation in Translation: Theory and Applications. Eds. Esqubel J. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Wyższej Psychologii Społecznej: 28-38.
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Szymańska Izabela. 2011. Translation, Adaptation, Prototype. In: Manipulation in Translation: Theory and Applications. Eds. Esqubel J. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Wyższej Psychologii Społecznej: 39-50.
Ter-Minasova Svetlana. 2000. Jazyk i Mežkulturnaja Kommunikacija. Moskva: Slovo.
Tymoczko Maria and Edwin Gentzler. Eds. 2002. Translation and Power. Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts Press.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. London: Routledge.
Wojtasiewicz Olgierd. 1957. Wstęp do Teorii Tłumaczenia. Wrocław/Warszawa: Zakład im. Ossolińskich.
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2000).
Oxford Collocations Dictionary (2002).
Austen, Jane. [1813] 1994. Pride and Prejudice. London: Penguin Books.
Austen, Jane. 2002. Duma i Uprzedzenie. Warszawa: Libros.
Thackeray, William Makepeace. [1855] 1930. The Rose and the Ring or, the History of Prince Giglio and Prince Bulbo. A Fireside Pantomime for Great and Small Children. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Thackeray, William Makepeace. [1913] 1953. Pierścień i Róża. Z. Rogoszówna. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
National Geographic. January 2013
National Geographic Polska. styczeń 2013
Bielsa Esperanca, and Susan Bassnett. 2009. Translation in Global News. London and New York: Routledge.
Boase-Beier Jean, and Michael Holman. 1999. The Practice of Literary Translation: Constraints and Creativity. Manchester: St Jerome.
Bogusławski Andrzej. 1978. Uwagi o Przekładzie i jego Wartościowaniu. ,,Przegląd Humanistyczny” nr 2.149: 39-52.
Bołtuć Marta. 2016. Lost in Translation: Linguistic Creativity in Popular-Science Texts as Illustrated by National Geographic Heads. Rzeszów: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego.
Chesterman Andrew. 1998. Causes, Translations, Effects. “Target” nr 10.2: 201-230.
Eco Umberto. 1984. The Role of the Reader: Exploration in the Semiotics of Texts. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
Hatim Basil. 2000. Teaching and Researching Translation. Harlow: Pearson Education.
Hermans Theo. 1985. The Manipulation of Literature: Studies in Literary Translation. London and Sydney: Croom Helm.
Hermans Theo. 2007. Literary Translation. In: A Companion to Translation Studies. Eds. Kuhiwczak P. and Littau K. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters: 77-91.
Kizeweter Magdalena. 2011. (Un)intentional Manipulation in Literary Translation – an Attempt at Redefining the Role of Manipulation in Translation. In: Manipulation in Translation: Theory and Applications. Eds. Esqubel J. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Wyższej Psychologii Społecznej: 15-27.
Lefevere Andre. 1992a. Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London/New York: Routledge.
Lefevere Andre. 1992b. Translation, History, Culture: A Source Book. London: Routledge.
Lefevere Andre. 2009. Ogórki Matki Courage. In: Współczesne Teorie Przekładu. Antologia. Eds. Bukowski P. and Heydel M. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Znak: 224-246.
Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara. 2007. Polysemy, Prototypes and Radial Categories. In: The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics. Eds. Geeraerts D. and Cuyckens H. Oxford: Oxford University Pres: 139-169.
Oittinen Riitta. 2000. Translating for Children. New York/London: Garland.
Pikor-Niedziałek Marta. 2009. Cultural and Pragmatic Aspects of Translating National Geographic Articles. In: Jakość i ocena tłumaczenia. Eds. Kopczyński A. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Psychologii Społecznej Academica: 122-132.
Raffel Burton. 1988. The Art of Translating Poetry. University Park: Pennsylvania State University.
Reiss Katharina. [1971] 2000. Translation Criticism – The Potentials and Limitations. Translated by Erroll F. Rhodes. Manchester: St Jerome Publishing.
Salich Hanna. 2011. Manipulation in Translation: Manipulation or Creativity? In: Manipulation in Translation: Theory and Applications. Eds. Esqubel J. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Wyższej Psychologii Społecznej: 28-38.
Shuttleworth Mark and Moira Cowie. 1997. Dictionary of Translation Studies. Manchester: St Jerome Publishing.
Sternberg Robert and Todd Lubart. 1999. The Concepts of Creativity: Prospects and Paradigms In: Handbook of Creativity. Ed. Sternberg R. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 3-15.
Szymańska Izabela. 2011. Translation, Adaptation, Prototype. In: Manipulation in Translation: Theory and Applications. Eds. Esqubel J. and Kizeweter M. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkoły Wyższej Psychologii Społecznej: 39-50.
Ter-Minasova Svetlana. 2000. Jazyk i Mežkulturnaja Kommunikacija. Moskva: Slovo.
Tymoczko Maria and Edwin Gentzler. Eds. 2002. Translation and Power. Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts Press.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation. London: Routledge.
Wojtasiewicz Olgierd. 1957. Wstęp do Teorii Tłumaczenia. Wrocław/Warszawa: Zakład im. Ossolińskich.
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2000).
Oxford Collocations Dictionary (2002).
Austen, Jane. [1813] 1994. Pride and Prejudice. London: Penguin Books.
Austen, Jane. 2002. Duma i Uprzedzenie. Warszawa: Libros.
Thackeray, William Makepeace. [1855] 1930. The Rose and the Ring or, the History of Prince Giglio and Prince Bulbo. A Fireside Pantomime for Great and Small Children. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Thackeray, William Makepeace. [1913] 1953. Pierścień i Róża. Z. Rogoszówna. Warszawa: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
National Geographic. January 2013
National Geographic Polska. styczeń 2013
Bołtuć, M. I. (2021). Cultural Adaptation, Manipulation and Creativity in Translation. Acta Neophilologica, 1(XXIII), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.31648/an.5512
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