Nonverbal Communication and Simultaneous Interpreting: the Theoretical Aspect
Konrad Rachut
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w PoznaniuAbstract
This paper draws attention to the role of nonverbal communication in the process of simultaneous interpreting. The theoretical basis is provided by the phe-nomenon of audiovisual integration: the ability of the human brain to incorporate both verbal and nonverbal signals into comprehension. Referring to previous works by F. Poyatos, S. Viaggio and K. Seeber, the author attempts to distinguish core functions of nonverbal signals in simultaneous interpreting and to analyse the model of cognitive resource footprint by K. Seeber. Additionally, theoretical and practical ramifications of taking nonverbal signals into consideration for the psychology and quality of work of simultaneous interpreters are pinpointed.
Keywords:
nonverbal communication, nonverbal signals, impact on simultaneous interpreting, quality of simultaneous interpretationReferences
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Balzani M. 1990. Le contact visual en interpretation simultanée. W: Aspects of applied andexperimental research on conferenceinterpretation. Red. Gran L., Taylor C. Udine: Campanotto Editore: 93-100.
Burgoon Judee K., Bacue Aaron. 2003. Nonverbal communication skills. W: Handbook of communication and social interaction skills. Red. Greene J.O., Burleson B.R. Mahwah: Routledge: 179-219.
Dillinger Mike. 1994. Comprehension during interpreting: What do interpreters know that bilinguals don’t? W: Bridging the Gap: Empirical Research in Simultaneous Interpretation. Red. Lambert S., Moser-Mercer B. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 41-58.
Gerver David. 1976. Empirical studies of simultaneous interpretation: A review and a model. W: Translation:Application and Research.Red. Brislin R.W. Nowy Jork: Gardner Press: 165-207.
Gile Daniel. 1995. Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training.Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Jesse Alexandra, Vrignaud Nick, Cohen Michael M., Massaro Dominic W. 2000/2001. The processing of information from multiple sources in simultaneous interpreting. „Interpreting” 5, 2: 95-115.
Kiełbawska Amelia. 2012. Funkcje komunikacji niewerbalnej w interakcji mówcy i tłumacza. Kraków: Universitas.
Mehrabian Albert. 1971. Silent Messages. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Palkowska Klaudia, Wolańska Małgorzata. 2008. Importance of nonverbal communica-tion in simultaneous interpreting. „Buletinul Stiintific al Universitatii Politehnica din Timisoara, Seria Limbi Moderne” 7: 37-40.
Poyatos Fernando. 1997. The reality of multichannel verbal-nonverbal communica-tion in simultaneous and consecutive interpretation. W: Nonverbal communication and translation: New perspectives and challenges in literature, interpretation and the media. Red. Poyatos F. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 249-282.
Puppel Stanisław, Puppel Joanna. 2008. Gestosfera jako istotny składnik komunikacyjnej przestrzeni publicznej: Wstępny zarys problematyki. „Oikeos Logos” 4: 1-8.
Seeber Kilian G. 2011. Cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting: Existing theories – new models. „Interpreting” 13, 2: 176-204.
Seeber Kilian G. 2017. Multimodal processing in simultaneous interpreting. W: The Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Red. Schwieter J.W., Ferreira A. Hoboken: 461-475.
Setton Robin. 1999. Simultaneous Interpretation: A Cognitive‐Pragmatic Analysis. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Tommola Jorma, Helevä Marketta. 1998. Language direction and source text complexity. Effects on trainee performance in simultaneous interpreting. W: Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies. Red. Bowker L., Cronin M., Kenny D., Pearson J. Manchester: Routledge: 177-186.
Tryuk Małgorzata. 2007. Przekład ustny konferencyjny. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Na-ukowe PWN.
Viaggio Sergio. 1997. Kinesics and the simultaneous interpreter. The advantages of lis-tening with one’s eyes and speaking with one’s body. W: Nonverbal communication and translation: New perspectives and challenges in literature, interpretation and the media. Red. Poyatos F. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 283-293.
Zagar Galvão Elena. 2009. Speech and gesture in the booth – A descriptive approach to multimodality in simultaneous interpreting. W: http://www.arts.kuleuven.be/cetra/papers/files/galvao.pdf [Dostęp 17 IX 2019].
Balzani M. 1990. Le contact visual en interpretation simultanée. W: Aspects of applied andexperimental research on conferenceinterpretation. Red. Gran L., Taylor C. Udine: Campanotto Editore: 93-100.
Burgoon Judee K., Bacue Aaron. 2003. Nonverbal communication skills. W: Handbook of communication and social interaction skills. Red. Greene J.O., Burleson B.R. Mahwah: Routledge: 179-219.
Dillinger Mike. 1994. Comprehension during interpreting: What do interpreters know that bilinguals don’t? W: Bridging the Gap: Empirical Research in Simultaneous Interpretation. Red. Lambert S., Moser-Mercer B. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 41-58.
Gerver David. 1976. Empirical studies of simultaneous interpretation: A review and a model. W: Translation:Application and Research.Red. Brislin R.W. Nowy Jork: Gardner Press: 165-207.
Gile Daniel. 1995. Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training.Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Jesse Alexandra, Vrignaud Nick, Cohen Michael M., Massaro Dominic W. 2000/2001. The processing of information from multiple sources in simultaneous interpreting. „Interpreting” 5, 2: 95-115.
Kiełbawska Amelia. 2012. Funkcje komunikacji niewerbalnej w interakcji mówcy i tłumacza. Kraków: Universitas.
Mehrabian Albert. 1971. Silent Messages. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Palkowska Klaudia, Wolańska Małgorzata. 2008. Importance of nonverbal communica-tion in simultaneous interpreting. „Buletinul Stiintific al Universitatii Politehnica din Timisoara, Seria Limbi Moderne” 7: 37-40.
Poyatos Fernando. 1997. The reality of multichannel verbal-nonverbal communica-tion in simultaneous and consecutive interpretation. W: Nonverbal communication and translation: New perspectives and challenges in literature, interpretation and the media. Red. Poyatos F. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 249-282.
Puppel Stanisław, Puppel Joanna. 2008. Gestosfera jako istotny składnik komunikacyjnej przestrzeni publicznej: Wstępny zarys problematyki. „Oikeos Logos” 4: 1-8.
Seeber Kilian G. 2011. Cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting: Existing theories – new models. „Interpreting” 13, 2: 176-204.
Seeber Kilian G. 2017. Multimodal processing in simultaneous interpreting. W: The Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Red. Schwieter J.W., Ferreira A. Hoboken: 461-475.
Setton Robin. 1999. Simultaneous Interpretation: A Cognitive‐Pragmatic Analysis. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Tommola Jorma, Helevä Marketta. 1998. Language direction and source text complexity. Effects on trainee performance in simultaneous interpreting. W: Unity in Diversity? Current Trends in Translation Studies. Red. Bowker L., Cronin M., Kenny D., Pearson J. Manchester: Routledge: 177-186.
Tryuk Małgorzata. 2007. Przekład ustny konferencyjny. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Na-ukowe PWN.
Viaggio Sergio. 1997. Kinesics and the simultaneous interpreter. The advantages of lis-tening with one’s eyes and speaking with one’s body. W: Nonverbal communication and translation: New perspectives and challenges in literature, interpretation and the media. Red. Poyatos F. Amsterdam–Philadelphia: John Benjamins: 283-293.
Zagar Galvão Elena. 2009. Speech and gesture in the booth – A descriptive approach to multimodality in simultaneous interpreting. W: http://www.arts.kuleuven.be/cetra/papers/files/galvao.pdf [Dostęp 17 IX 2019].
Rachut, K. (2019). Nonverbal Communication and Simultaneous Interpreting: the Theoretical Aspect. Acta Neophilologica, 2(XXI), 65–76. https://doi.org/10.31648/an.4746
Konrad Rachut
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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